Nasturtium seeds how to plant

Author: Elena N. https://floristics. info/en/index.php?option=com_contact&view=contact&id=19 Category: Garden Plants Returned: February 23, 2022 Last editing: June 23, 2022

Content

• Listen to Article
• Planting and Care for Nastation
• Botanical Description
• Growing namsturus from seeds
  • Semlos0002 Why is nasturtium so good? She is beautiful, useful, completely unpretentious to the conditions and does not require special care.

    Today, more than twenty species and many varieties of this cute, useful and edible plant are grown in horticultural crops. From our article you will learn:

    • what types and varieties of nasturtium exist;
    • how to sow and grow these flowers in the garden;
    • what are the medicinal properties of nasturtium and how can they be used.
    nine0023

    Listen to article

    Planting and caring for nasturtium

    • Planting: sowing seeds in open ground in mid-late May or sowing seeds for seedlings in April, followed by planting seedlings in the ground in the first decade of June.
    • Lighting: bright sunlight.
    • Soil: light, not too fertile, well drained, slightly acidic.
    • Watering: from the beginning of the growing season - regular and plentiful, during flowering - as the soil dries.
    • Top dressing: once a week before flowering with potash-phosphorus fertilizers. Nitrogen is not needed. From the beginning of flowering, top dressing is stopped.
    • Propagation: by seeds and cuttings.
    • Pests: aphids, cabbage moths, whites, spider mites.
    • Diseases: gray mold, rust, viral mosaic, black ring spot and bacterial wilt. nine0012

    Read more about growing nasturtium below

    Nasturtium (lat. Tropaeolum) , or capuchin , belongs to the Nasturtium family, and is a herbaceous plant, of which there are about 90 species. The nasturtium plant is native to South and Central America, but it also settled in our latitudes for a long time and reliably, as it is distinguished by unpretentiousness, sought-after healing properties and taste characteristics. The main thing is that the nasturtium flower with its long flowering is able to decorate any, even the most sophisticated garden. The capuchin flower brought from Holland to Russia was called so because of the shape of the flower, resembling a hood, but gradually the plant began to be called nasturtium. The official Latin name Tropaeolum was given to nasturtium by Carl Linnaeus. nine0007

    Botanical description

    Nasturtiums, both annuals and perennials, are often vines with succulent stems, and sometimes subshrubs. The leaves are most often lobed, alternate, entire, palmate or thyroid. Flowers - simple, double and semi-double - irregularly shaped, fragrant, zygomorphic, bisexual, axillary, consisting of five (sometimes more) petals, the same number of sepals, a funnel-shaped tube with nectar.

    The color of the flowers is usually red or yellow. The fruit consists of three wrinkled kidney-shaped lobes, in each of which rounded kidney-shaped seeds ripen. Both flowers and stems have healing properties, and are also of interest to culinary specialists. nine0007

    Growing nasturtium from seeds

    Sowing seeds

    Nasturtium is propagated by seed, and even a beginner can handle it. Large nasturtium seeds are sown directly into the open ground in mid or late May, when the last frosts have passed. In holes up to two centimeters deep, located at a distance of 25-30 cm from each other, nasturtium seeds are placed in a nested way - 3-4 pieces per hole. If there is a possibility of nighttime drops in temperature, cover the planted area with plastic wrap or other covering material and use only warm water for irrigation. Seedlings will appear in a week or two. nine0007

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    In the photo: Nasturtium seeds

    Growing seedlings

    Nasturtium is also grown in seedlings, which allows you to achieve earlier flowering than in the case of sowing seeds directly into the ground. To do this, use peat cups or cups with a retractable bottom, in which in April-May seeds are sown 2-3 pieces to a depth of 2 cm. The temperature in the room with seedlings should be 20-22 ºC. Shoots will appear in a couple of weeks. nine0007

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    Make sure that the seedlings have enough light, because the lack of light causes them to stretch, and after landing on the site, they get sick for a long time and do not bloom.

    The root system of nasturtium is weak, and the leaf surface is quite large, therefore, in order not to injure the roots, the seedlings are not swooped down and transplanted into the soil together with an earthen clod, right in a cup.

    Planting nasturtium

    When to plant

    Nasturtium is planted in the first decade of June. Select a well-lit and wind-sheltered spot in your garden, as nasturtium flowers do not bloom as profusely in the shade as they do in good light. The soil on the site should be slightly acidic, with good drainage, light and fertile. On soils rich in organic matter, plants turn lush green, but they do not want to bloom, on soils that are too poor, nasturtium blooms are not so beautiful, the leaves are small, and the stems look bare. nine0092 Nasturtium rots in stagnant wet soils.

    In the photo: Flowering of yellow nasturtium

    How to plant

    So, it's the beginning of June, it's time to plant seedlings in open ground. Planting seedlings is carried out together with an earthen clod, and if you sowed seeds in peat pots, then right along with the pots to avoid breakage or breakage of fragile roots. Depending on the variety of nasturtium, the distance between specimens should be 20-40 cm. At first, it is advisable to cover the planting for the night. nine0176 Nasturtiums will bloom in a month and a half.

    Nasturtium care

    Growing conditions

    Nasturtium care consists of weeding the area and watering the plants. If you mulch the bed after planting, then you will not have to fight weeds.

    At the very beginning of growth, regular and plentiful watering is very important , when the nasturtium blooms, the plot should be watered only when the soil dries up: if the soil is moist all the time, the plant will be lush green, but there will be few flowers. nine0007

    Dried flowers should be removed in a timely manner, unless you need seeds, but in order to collect seeds for the next year, it is enough to leave only a few ovaries to ripen.

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    Feed the nasturtium weekly with potash-phosphorus fertilizer until it blooms. Nasturtium nitrogen fertilizers will not be needed.

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    Propagation of nasturtium

    In addition to the seed method, the vegetative method is also used to propagate nasturtium - cuttings . Cuttings are rooted in wet sand or water. Most often, terry varieties of nasturtiums or new ones are propagated in this way, the seeds of which are difficult to find in flower shops. The vegetative method allows you to save species and varietal characteristics during reproduction.

    Pests and diseases

    Nasturtium is not only beautiful, but also very useful. In addition, it somehow inspires fear in Colorado beetles, whiteflies, aphids, cabbage bugs and other insect pests. nine0007

    But diseases of nasturtium sometimes affect, first of all, such as bacterial wilt , which is expressed in the weakening of the lower leaves, and then withering of the whole plant.

    Or gray rot showing dry brown spots on the leaves. From time to time, brown or black rust spots or variegated mosaic stains appear on the leaves of nasturtium. In case of damage by these diseases, infected specimens must be removed and burned, and healthy plants should be treated with special preparations that destroy pathogens. nine0007

    Pictured: Growing red nasturtium

    How to collect seeds

    If you feel like breeding, you can collect nasturtium seeds yourself. As the flowers wither, the seeds mature. It must be remembered that the seeds of all types of nasturtium have time to ripen before frost, the only exception is foreign nasturtium. When the seeds ripen, they turn from green to whitish and, easily separated from the pedicel, fall to the ground.

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    Therefore, be careful and try to collect them before they crumble.

    Store mature seeds in cardboard boxes. Foreign nasturtium seeds are harvested unripe and ripened at home.

    In the photo: Large orange flowers of nasturtium

    Nasturtium after flowering

    After the nasturtium has faded, watering is gradually reduced until it stops completely. Since nasturtium is grown mainly as an annual plant, then with the onset of autumn it is necessary to deal with it as with an annual, namely: dig up the site, burn the tops, after collecting the seeds, if necessary. nine0007

    Species and varieties

    In the wild, at home, perennial nasturtium grows, but in our gardens the tropical beauty cannot remain in the ground for the winter, therefore it is grown as an annual. Of the cultivated species of nasturtium, the following are most often grown:

    Foreign nasturtium (Tropaeolum peregrinutn)

    Or Canarian nasturtium - a climber from South America, the light green stems of which reach a length of 350 cm and very quickly braid arbors and trellises. It blooms from mid-summer to frost with bright yellow small flowers with corrugated petals and green spurs. The leaves are medium-sized, five- or seven-parted. Seeds in the middle lane do not have time to ripen naturally. nine0007

    In the photo: Large nasturtium (Tropaeolum majus)

    Large nasturtium (Tropaeolum majus)

    Very branched, bare, brittle stems reach a length of 250 cm. . Blooms profusely from June to autumn frosts. It reproduces well by self-sowing, the seeds do not lose their germination capacity up to 4 years. The leaves are asymmetrical, large, round, thyroid, the surface is light green, the underside is gray-gray, the petioles are long, diameter is about 8 cm. The species is represented by dozens of varieties, including compact bush forms:

    • King Theodore bright red flowers;
    • Peach Melba - cream flowers, red spots in the center;
    • Salmon Baby - semi-double flowers, salmon color;
    • Ladybug - apricot flowers with burgundy spots in the middle.

    Cultivated nasturtium (Tropaeolum cultorum)

    Combines hybrids of shield-bearing nasturtium and large nasturtium, densely leafy stems, green or purple leaves, thyroid-shaped. Varieties of this species differ in shape and height: there are compact varieties of nasturtium (up to 50 cm tall), there are creeping ones, with shoots up to 4 m long, or dwarf ones - 15-20 cm tall. Varieties:

    • Gleming Mahagani - shrub up to 37 cm tall with double red flowers;
    • Golden Globe - spherical bush up to 25 cm high and 40 cm wide with round light green leaves and large (up to 6. 5 cm in diameter) double golden yellow flowers;
    • Moonlight is a climbing plant with stems up to two meters long and pale yellow flowers.

    In the photo: Large nasturtium (Tropaeolum majus)

    Lesser nasturtium (Tropaeolum minus)

    Branched, striated thin stems up to 35 cm tall, nasturtium lesser leaves are rounded, small, shield-like, petioles are very long and thin. Small flowers up to 3 cm in diameter, yellow with dark spots, three upper velvety petals are pointed along the edge, spurs are cylindrical, curved. This type of nasturtium blooms from June to October. Varieties:

    • Cherry rose - grows up to 30 cm in height, blooms with bright red double flowers; nine0012
    • Black Velvet - the same 30 cm in height, simple flowers up to 6 cm in diameter, so dark burgundy that it is almost black. Sometimes this variety is called the Black Lady.

    Shield nasturtium (Tropaeolum peltophorum)

    It is a creeping shrub with dark green, succulent and brittle shoots up to 4 m in length. Leaves are thyroid, dark green. Juicy dark red flowers. It blooms from June to October, the seeds ripen perfectly. Most common variety:

    • Lucifer - upright bushes up to 25 cm tall, light green shoots, large leaves, dark green with a dark red tint. The flowers are simple, up to 6 cm in diameter, red-orange.

    In the photo: Lilac nasturtium

    Among other types of nasturtium, which are distinguished by their decorative effect, one can name azure, ciliated, multi-leaved, beautiful, tricolor and others, but, unfortunately, few can boast of the experience of growing these species in our climatic zone. nine0007

    Medicinal properties of nasturtium

    Nasturtium is not only beautiful, but also edible and healing. The leaves and flowers of young plants are used as ingredients in salads, garnished with dishes, and added to sandwiches and soups. Pickled nasturtium fruits taste like expensive capers. And dried and ground seeds can be used as a seasoning instead of black pepper, in any case, this was done during the Second World War. All parts of the plant are edible except the roots. nine0093

    In the photo: A beautiful flower of nasturtium

    The healing properties of nasturtium have also been known for a long time. It treats skin rashes, stimulates hair growth, it helps with anemia, beriberi, kidney stone disease. The plant has proven itself well as a means of combating scurvy, since the amount of vitamin C in it is ten times greater than in lettuce leaves. In addition, nasturtium contains substances that successfully fight microbes - provitamin A and phytoncides.

    Dishes prepared from nasturtium are included in the therapeutic diet for metabolic disorders in the elderly, with atherosclerosis. The rhizomes of tuberous nasturtium species contain substances that lower the level of testosterone in the blood, which is necessary in certain cases. Modern science has established that nasturtium has such valuable properties for medicine: anti-inflammatory, laxative, diuretic, diuretic, antiseptic, antibiotic, antiscorbutic, uroseptic, expectorant. nine0007

    However, you should be aware that an overdose of nasturtium provokes irritation of the mucosa of the gastrointestinal tract.

    Literature

    1. Read related topics on Wikipedia
    2. Features and other plants of the Nasturtium family
    3. List of all species on The Plant List
    4. More information on World Flora Online

    
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    sowing rules for seedlings, care

    Nasturtium is amazing not only for its beauty, but also because its flowers and leaves are edible, they have a pleasant peppery taste. In Russia, the flower is grown as an annual plant. Flowering lasts from June until frost. Of course, the easiest way to grow a plant in your area is to immediately sow the seeds in open ground. However, growing from seed through seedlings is an interesting and exciting process, allowing you to see at home all the stages of development of a young leaf. nine0007

    Content

    • 1 Duration of landing of nasturtium for seedlings in 2023
    • 2 step-by-step instructions for sowing nasturtiums for seedlings
      • 2.1 CAMSICE
      • 2.2 Seeds
      • 2.3 Preparation of soil
      • 2.4 Master class 2.4 for planting nasturtium
    • 3 Rules for caring for seedlings of nasturtium at home
    Terms of planting nasturtium for seedlings in 2023

    When is the best time to sow nasturtium seeds for seedlings, in what month? It is optimal to plant a flower culture in April, at the beginning of May . For example, in the Middle lane (Moscow region) you can plant in mid-April, in the South of Russia - in early April, in the Urals, in Siberia, in the Leningrad region - the optimal time for sowing is at the end of April or the beginning of May.

    You can also choose the most and least suitable dates for planting nasturtium seeds according to the Lunar calendar of 2023:

    • Auspicious days:
      • in April: 3, 4, 5, 7, 9, 11, 17, 26;
      • in May: 1, 2, 3, 4, 9, 10, 13, 27
      • in May: 5, 18, 19, 20.

    By the way! When growing nasturtium from seedlings, earlier flowering can be seen.

    Step-by-step instructions for sowing nasturtium seedlings

    In growing nasturtium from seeds, it is important how you sow seedlings at home. This key moment plays a significant role in the success of this case. Therefore, consider the main stages of landing.

    Choosing a container

    Nasturtium seedlings do not like picking (because they have a weak root system), so it is better to plant immediately in individual containers, for example, peat pots, plastic cups, cassettes, pots . The optimal volume is 200-250 milliliters.

    Selection and preparation of seeds

    Nasturtium can be planted without any preparation. However, pre-sowing treatment will accelerate the emergence of seedlings, make them stronger. The best way to prepare nasturtium seeds is to soak in growth stimulant solution, for example, Energen, Epin-Extra, Zircon. Dilute the solution and soak according to the instructions for the drug.

    Biological substances can also be used, for example:

    • Aloe juice. Dilute plant juice and water in a ratio of 1:1, soak for a day.
    • Med. A teaspoon is diluted in a glass of clean water, you need to keep the seeds in a honey solution for 5-6 hours.
    • Wood ash. A tablespoon of the substance is diluted in a glass of water, infused for 2 days, and then the planting material is infused for six hours.
    Ground preparation

    Perfect for growing nasturtium seedlings light, loose, moderately nutritious, neutral soil.

    Universal Flower Soil can be used for planting. But it is necessary to add a loosening element to it to improve air and water permeability, friability, for example, vermiculite, perlite, sand.

    You can also make your own potting mix by mixing the following ingredients in equal proportions:

    • sand; nine0012
    • peat;
    • sod land.
    Nasturtium planting tutorial

    Planting nasturtium seeds for seedlings is very easy and simple, provided you know how to do it. If you do not have experience in this matter, it's okay, the following instructions with step-by-step photographs will tell and illustrate the planting of nasturtium at home.

    1) Place a drain on the bottom of the container.

    For example, perlite (pictured), expanded clay, broken bricks, small stones. Do not make the drainage layer too large - 1.5 centimeters is enough. nine0007

    2) Fill the planting cups with soil.

    Leave a small distance between the edges of the container and the ground. The gap is about 2-3 centimeters.

    3) Moisten the soil with a spray bottle with warm, clean water.

    4) Make a small hole in the center of the container to a depth of 1.5-2 centimeters.

    For example, with a finger:

    or with a pencil:

    5) Place the nasturtium seed in the hole.

    To sow this crop, you do not need any auxiliary items, as you can see in the photo, the seeds are very large:

    Therefore, you can just plant it with your hands.

    6) Fill the hole with earth so that the hole is level with the ground.

    7) Water the soil after planting.

    8) Cover the planting container to create a mini greenhouse.

    It is convenient to cover individual containers with a film, but if desired, a lid or glass can also be used.

    9) Label the containers and move them to a warm place (temperature 20-22 degrees Celsius).

    Little trick! If you plant in plastic cups, it is recommended to immediately put them in some kind of box or tray, because they are light and with one awkward movement they can fall, and the earth will crumble along with the seed or seedling. nine0007

    Rules for caring for nasturtium seedlings at home

    Any seedling needs regular care, this culture is no exception. Only with full care can you get friendly shoots and subsequently normal seedlings. To properly care for nasturtium seedlings, it is necessary to perform a number of key activities at home.

    Care after sowing and before emergence:

    • Maintain a temperature of 20-22 degrees until germination.
    • Ventilate the mini greenhouse every day by removing the lid or film for 20 minutes. If you see drops on the surface of the covering material, then they need to be wiped off.
    • Watering should preferably be done with a spray bottle.
    • Lighting does not play any role at this stage - the container can be either in the shade or in the light.

    How to care for nasturtium seedlings after emergence:

    • Move the seedling containers to a sunny windowsill (preferably south or southwest).
    • Plants need 12-14 hours of daylight, so if necessary, plants should be supplemented with fitolamps (otherwise the plants will stretch and weaken).
    • Watering seedlings at this stage should be carried out under the root, it is impossible for moisture to get on the plants themselves.

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