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When to plant which vegetables


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Knowing when to plant vegetables is essential if you’re looking to grow your own edibles. Growing your own vegetables from seed is a great way to give a supply of fresh organic produce as part of a healthy diet, but it is also highly rewarding and good for wellbeing. 

While you can buy seedlings and plug plants from garden centres and online suppliers, planting vegetables from seed is the most economical way of growing produce, plus it also offers the opportunity to try all sorts of different vegetable varieties. However, with a dazzling array to choose from, it can be tricky to know where to begin.

Whether you’re in the process of creating a kitchen garden or simply want to grow a few veggies in containers on your patio or balcony space, this handy vegetable calendar will help get your kitchen garden ideas get off to the best start.

(Image credit: Leigh Clapp)

When to plant vegetables – points to consider

Planning when to plant vegetables can be confusing as there are a huge array of vegetable garden ideas, plus there are vegetables that can be planted in every month of the year, right through from January to December.  

A vegetable calendar is a great place to start when planning a kitchen garden as it will help you know when to buy seeds so that you don’t miss out on growing your favorite vegetables, plus will it help you organize crop rotations on your patch. It is also a handy source of inspiration for what to plant.

Exactly when to plant vegetables will depend on your climate and weather conditions, so while a vegetable calendar is a handy guide planning tool, it is also important to keep a tab on temperates in your region. 

Throughout the gardening year it's a good idea to note down key information on weather conditions to help build your own personal vegetable planting calendar. The last frost date is particularly useful for gauging when to start sowing and planting out tender crops. 

The temperature of the soil is a key factor in the germination of seeds, and different seeds germinate at different temperatures, so consider buying a soil thermometer to check the temperature is right for sowing.

Different varieties of the same type of vegetable can have different sowing and planting times, so always refer to the instructions on the seed packet. 

(Image credit: Future/Annaick Guitteny)

January

With the ground still very cold, January is a quiet time for sowing and planting vegetables, so this is the perfect opportunity to plan for the year ahead. Take time to look through seed catalogues and make a plan of your plot.

However, there are some things that can be planted under cover to get your growing season off to a head start.

Onions – if growing from seed then onions can be planted under cover in a greenhouse in January and February. While growing onions from sets (immature onion bulbs) is often the easiest method, knowing how to grow onions from seed may be useful as it is a more economical way of growing them if you are looking for a larger crop.

Potatoes - For those keen on learning how to grow potatoes then January is the time when you can begin the process by chitting your Early potato varieties. Chitting encourages potatoes to sprout prior to planting and is usually done 6 weeks before seed potatoes are planted into beds. 

Lay seed potatoes in a tray – egg boxes are often used – with their eyes point up and leave in a light, cool, frost-free place. When the shoots are 1/2-1 inch tall (1-2cm) then the potatoes are ready to plant.

(Image credit: Getty Images)

February

The weather is unpredictable in February but there are some vegetable varieties that can be sown under cover in the greenhouse or on a warm windowsill to kick start the growing season including hardy vegetables.

'In February, you can start sowing choices such as broad beans, peas, carrots, onions, the first potatoes and salad crops under cloches,' explains gardening expert Leigh Clapp. 

Edibles that need warmth and are suited to growing in a greenhouse can also be planted under cover in February including tomatoes, peppers, cucumber and eggplant.

With spring around the corner, February is a good time to prepare your beds for the growing season. You can also cover them with a plastic tarpaulin or cardboard to prevent the soil getting waterlogged.

(Image credit: Crocus)

What to plant indoors:

Fava beans – grow fava beans, also known as broad beans, by sowing them indoors into individual pots or modular trays ready for planting out 4-6 weeks later. Alternatively sow directly from March to May or in October to November for an early spring crop. You can also sow directly in February under cloches.

Tomatoes – sow tomatoes in a propagator in late February – this is the best time to sow if you are thinking of growing tomatoes in a greenhouse. Sow in seed trays or in individual pots if you want just a few plants.

Peppers – sow under cover from February until March. Sow seeds into pots or seed trays and place in a heated propagator 65–70°F (18–21°C) or on a sunny window sill covered with a plastic bag.

Eggplant – growing eggplant – or aubergines – in a greenhouse sow seeds in individual pots in February and plant out in April. Alternatively sow from January for cultivation in a heated greenhouse. If transplanting outside, sow seeds undercover in March and plant out once the risk of frost has past in later May.

(Image credit: Getty Images)

What to sow outdoors:

Radish – sow seeds direct where they are to grow in short drills 12 inches (30cm) apart from February until August. Sow little and successively for a continual supply. If sowing in February consider using a cloche. 

(Image credit: Getty Images)

March

In milder regions and areas with light, sandy soil, March is the time when you can begin to sow some vegetable seeds outside. Sandy beds will benefit from the addition of organic matter to help the soil retain moisture. In cooler regions, and areas with heavy clay soil, outdoor sowing may be a little later, explains gardening expert Leigh Clapp.

'Clay soil needs breaking up and takes longer to warm up so suits later crops, whereas light soils are good for early vegetables but will need large quantities of manure and compost to avoid water draining away too rapidly. The ideal is loose, crumbly loam, which absorbs and holds water and nutrients, is well aerated and drains freely.'

If you live in a cooler region you may want to wait until April to begin direct sowing some of the vegetables on this list, however there are vegetable varieties that can be started off in the greenhouse in March, too, including: sweetcorn, spinach, parsnips, leek, kale, cauliflower, beetroot.

You can also continue to sow tomato, eggplant and peppers under cover.

(Image credit: coldsnowstorm / Getty Images)

What to sow indoors:

Pumpkin – sow under cover from March until May or sow direct from late May once frosts have passed.

Cucumber – if you are planning to cultivate cucumbers a greenhouse sow seeds now ½–¾in (1–2cm) deep, in small pots. Be sure to familiarise yourself with how to grow cucumbers before you start out.

Tomatoes – sow seeds under cover in March if you are planning to transplant them outside.

(Image credit: merlinpf / Getty Images)

What to sow outdoors:

Asparagus – plant asparagus crowns in late March and April.

Beetroot – direct sow in rows 12 inches (30cm) apart from March to July for harvesting in as little as 7 weeks. Thin out seedling to 4 inches (10cm) apart at about 1 inch (2.5cm) tall. Sow every few weeks for continual supply.

Broad beans – sow seeds direct outside into rich fertile soil enriched with manure or organic matter. Sow in seeds at 9 inch (23cm) intervals in double rows set 9 inches (23cm) apart, with 24 inches (60cm) between each double row. Be sure to familiarise yourself with how to grow fava beans beforehand.

Leeks – sow leeks in March and April in a prepared seed bed for transplanting to their final position in early summer. Alternatively they can be sown under cover from January to March in modules and placed in a propagator ready for planting out later. Harvest from October to March.

(Image credit: Getty Images)

Onions – plant onion sets from mid March to mid April. Alternatively plant from October and November.

Parsnips – direct sow from March to May in a prepared bed in a sunny position. The soil should be friable and stone-free. 

Peas – sow peas direct from March until July for picking from July to October. To grow them outdoors sow in trenches 2 inches (5cm) at around 3 inches (7.5cm) apart. 

There are three types of pea: Early, Second early and maincrop peas, and each is best planted at different times so be sure to research how to grow peas before starting out.

(Image credit: Getty Images)

Potatoes – plant chitted First Early potatoes in mid-late March ready for harvesting in 11-13 weeks. When to plant potatoes will depend on what variety they are so be sure to do your research first.

Spinach – sow summer spinach direct from March to June. Sow every three weeks for picking from May to October. Sow thinly in drills 1inch (2.5cm) deep set 12 inches (30cm) apart. 

Spring Onion – sow seeds direct from March until August. Sow thinly in drills every three weeks for a continual supply. Spring onions can be harvested in just 8 weeks from sowing.

(Image credit: Future)

April

April is a busy month in the vegetable garden as it is when the outdoor sowing season gets into full swing. 

Be sure to label your sowings with the vegetable variety and date as you go. If sowing direct avoid treading on freshly dug soil, instead use boards to stand on. 

What to plant indoors:

Zucchini – you can grow zucchini by sowing zucchini seeds in 3 inch (7.5cm) pots and place in a propagator or on a sunny windowsill.

Sweetcorn – for best results sow sweetcorn seeds under glass in mid April and early May and plant out in late May to early June.  

To avoid root disturbance sow in 3 inch pots, sow two seeds about one inch deep. Alternatively sow outdoors in mid May – sow in blocks with 2 seeds every 18 inches and 1 inch deep. 

(Image credit: Getty Images)

What to plant outdoors:

Broccoli – to grow broccoli, sow direct outdoors from May to April. Sow where they are to grow or alternatively sow in a seedbed or under cover, and transplant them to their final position 5-7 weeks after sowing. 

Carrots – If you're wondering how to grow carrots, April is the month to start sowing the seeds outdoors – sow thinly ½in (1cm) deep in rows 6–12in (15–30cm) apart. Ensure the soil is well dug over and raked to a fine tilth – it needs to be free from stones as this can result in forked carrots.

‘For sweet, small carrots, sow every few weeks from early spring to late summer for a successional harvest from June to November,’ says gardening expert Leigh Clapp.  

Alternatively, for an early crop, sow varieties such as 'Nantes' under cloches or in the greenhouse in February and March.

Cabbage – sow winter cabbage April and May. Transplant seedlings to their final position in late June to July and when the plants have 5-6 true leaves.

(Image credit: Miracle Gro)

Cauliflower – sow outdoors in April for transplanting in June. There are three types of cauliflower – spring, summer and autumn and sowing times will vary on what type you choose to grow.

Chard – chard, also known as beet leaf, is a tasty and versatile hardy biennial that can be sown direct from March to September however sowings in April and July are a good way to ensure a continual crop throughout the year. 

'For great-value yielders you can’t beat Swiss chard and perpetual spinach that will crop for a whole year and throughout winter,' says gardening expert Leigh Clapp.

Potatoes – plant Second Early potatoes in early to mid April and maincrop potatoes  in mid to late April.

Salads and lettuce – direct sow rocket, salads and summer lettuce. Or sow from March under cloches.

(Image credit: Leigh Clapp)

May

May continues to be a busy month for sowing vegetable seeds. From mid-May the risk of frost in the UK has usually passed, meaning you can begin to direct sow half-hardy annuals and begin to harden off tender vegetables grown under cover ready for planting outside including courgettes, pumpkin and French beans. 

Hardening off is where tender plants are gradually brought outside to acclimatise them to cooler temperatures. If raised in a heated greenhouse, move plants to an unheated greenhouse for around two weeks before then moving them to a cold frame. 

If you do not have a greenhouse or cold frame then move the plants outside into the sun for a couple of hours a during the day and slowly increase the time period. 

You can continue to direct sow broccoli, cabbage, carrot, parsnip, peas and spinach.

(Image credit: Getty Images)

What to plant outdoors:

French beans – direct sow French beans from May when the risk of frost has passed, or sow under cover from March for transplanting later. Make successive sowing until the end of June for picking until early October.

You'll know when to pick green beans and French beans by the appearance of the crop. The beans should be pencil thin, around 4 inches long, and without any visible bumps along the pod. 

Zucchini – direct sow zucchini outside in late May to June. Plant out courgettes grown under cover from late May but be sure to harden them off beforehand.

Pumpkin – to grow pumpkins, direct sow pumpkin seeds where they are to grow in late May or early June. Pumpkins grow best in warm weather so cover with cloches to give them the best start.

(Image credit: PhotoAlto/Jerome Gorin / Getty Images)

June

In June you can continue to make successive sowings off radish, salad and carrots, as well as direct sow zucchini, beetroot, peas, French beans and parsnips.

What to plant outdoors:

Fennel – Sow seeds direct in late June in fertile, moist soil. Thin to one plant every 10in (25cm) in rows 18in (45cm) apart, and water during dry spells.

Brassicas – direct sow brassicas such as kale cabbage, broccoli and Brussel sprouts for harvesting in winter

(Image credit: Getty Images)

July

July is the last chance to sow French beans and you can also plant out winter winer leeks into their final position. Fast-growing vegetables can still be sown including radish, spring onions and beetroot.

There is plenty of harvesting to be done in July which will keep you busy including, carrots, radish, beetroot, chard, peas, salad leaves, broad beans, tomatoes, cucumbers and more!

(Image credit: Getty Images)

What to sow outside:

Chard – Sowing a second crop of chard in July will give you a fresh supply through autumn. Sowing made in July can also be overwintered for picking the following spring.

Spring cabbage – sow spring cabbage in July and August in seed beds and transplant to their final position in September and October ready for picking the following spring.

Pak choi  – great in soups and salads and easy to grow from seed, pak choi can be harvested in as early as 30 days in baby leaf form or in 45-70 days as semi-mature to full size heads. 

They can be grown outside over winter, providing you with fresh greens all the way through to spring but will benefit from some protection. Sow seeds thinly at a depth of 1/2 an inch (1cm) in rows 15 inches (38cm) apart. The seedlings will need thinning to different distances depending on how mature you want to grow your pak choi.

(Image credit: coldsnowstorm / Getty Images)

August 

In August your vegetable plot will be at its peak with a glut of produce ready for harvest, however there are some things you can plant including winter crops such as spinach, kohl rabi, and spring cabbage as well as winter salad leaves.

(Image credit: Dougal Waters / Getty Images)

What so plant outside:

Spinach – late august is a good time to sow a second crop of spinach. 

Spinach is a cool season crop which can easily go to seeds in the heat, so seeds are best grown in early spring as well as in late summer and early fall. 

It can also be over wintered with protection. For later sowings look for 'long-day' varieties. Check out how to grow spinach for more tips.

Kohl rabi – If sown in August this brassica can be harvested up until November. Sow direct in drills 12 inches (30cm) apart and at a depth of ½in (1cm) deep. Thin out seedlings at 1in 2.5cm tall to a final spacing of 6in 15cm (15cm) apart and keep well watered in hot weather. Pick when between the size of a golf and tennis ball.

(Image credit: The Garden Smallholder)

September

Winter salads – there are many hardy salads that will grow over winter including Lamb’s lettuce, mustard greens, 'Winter Gem' lettuce, arugula and oriental leaves such as mibuna and mizuna.  

Early fall is the perfect time to sow these as the soil is still warm. Seeds can be sown in seed trays or direct into finely raked soil.

You can also continue to make sowings of chard.

(Image credit: Jonathan Buckley for Sarah Raven)

October

What to plant outside:

Garlic – October is when you can start growing garlic. Garlic is often grown from sets rather than seed and is best planted in autumn as it needs a cold spell to stimulate growth. However there are varieties that can be planted in early spring. 

Sets should be purchased from garden centres or specialist mail order supplier and not from the supermarket. There are two main sorts to choose from: hardneck and softneck. 

To sow, split the bulb into cloves and plant in rows 4-6 inches (10-15cm) apart, 1 inch (2.5cm) deep with the pointed end facing up. 

Garlic can rot in waterlogged soil so is you have heavy clay soil consider starting them off in modules finding out more on how to grow garlic will ensure your crop is a success.

Broad beans – if your vegetable garden is in a sheltered position early varieties of broad beans can be planted direct in October for an early crop the following year.

(Image credit: Trine Loklindt EyeEm/Getty Images)

November

As the temperature drops there are little sowings that can be made in November, but there is still plenty of edibles to harvest including brassicas such as kale, cabbage, Brussel sprouts and kalettes. 

Root vegetables can be lifted including the last of the carrots, parsnip, beetroot and celeriac, plus hardy salad leaves can be picked. 

Asparagus – while the crowns are traditionally planted in spring, you can grow asparagus by planting in fall, too, to help give the crop a head start.

(Image credit: Alamy)

December

December is a good time to plan what you are going to grow in the year ahead and crisp winter days can be a good opportunity to prepare the soil for the coming growing season. Take notes of what worked well and plan crop rotations for the year to come. 

Winter salad – seeds of mustard greens, mizuna, corn salad, lambs lettuce and ‘Winter Gem’ lettuce can be grown outside in a cold frame or unheated greenhouse. If you live in a mild area you can grow them in the ground and use cloches to protect them if temperatures dip dramatically.

Garlic – December is the last chance to plant fall garlic varieties. 

If you live in a mild climate and you have free-draining soil sets can be planted directly – they do not grow well in waterlogged soils. 

(Image credit: RHS/Georgi Mabee)

What month do you plant vegetables?

There are vegetables that can be planted right through the year from January to December. Using a vegetable planting calendar is a handy tool for planning when to plant vegetables, but ultimately what month you plant vegetables will depend on your climate and growing zone, as well as the last frost date in your area.  

Generally March and April, when the soil begins to warm, are the best months to begin sowing many hardy annual vegetable seeds outdoors including broccoli, cabbage, chard, carrots, peas and parsnips. Some of these can be started off under cover in a greenhouse or on a sunny window sill from February to help give them a head start, ready for planting outside once the weather warms. 

Vegetables suited for growing in a greenhouse such as tomatoes, peppers, aubergines, tomatoes, cucumbers and chilli peppers can also be planted undercover from February.

(Image credit: Leigh Clapp)

From March, frost-tender, half-hardy vegetables can be started off under cover ready for transplanting once the risk of frost has passed including zucchini, pumpkin, sweetcorn and aubergine. After this time, generally from late May and June, frost tender half-hardy annual vegetables can then be planted out into their final position or sown directly outside.

Successive sowings of many fast maturing vegetables can be sown from March up until July including radish, beetroot and spring onions.  

In July and August many hardy vegetables can be planted for winter harvesting including cabbage, pak choi, spring cabbage, spinach and chard.

The growing season slows from October when temperatures begin to dip but this is the prime time to plant garlic. winter salads can continue to be planted and broad beans can be sown for an early spring crop.

Pippa is Content Editor on Homes & Gardens online contributing to Period Living and Country Homes & Interiors print issues. A graduate of Art History and formerly Style Editor at Period Living, she is passionate about architecture, creating decorating content, interior styling and writing about craft and historic homes. She enjoys searching out beautiful images and the latest trends to share with the Homes & Gardens audience. A keen gardener, when she’s not writing you’ll find her growing flowers on her village allotment for styling projects.

Grow Vegetables in the Right Season

The planting date for each vegetable depends upon the weather that the vegetable can best tolerate.

Planting vegetables in their right season will greatly enhance your harvest. Most vegetables belong to one of two seasonal groups: cool-season crops and warm-season crops.

The planting date for each vegetable depends upon the weather that the vegetable can best tolerate. Cool-season vegetables grow best in early spring or in late summer and autumn when the weather is cooler. Warm-season vegetables grow best during the late spring, summer, and early autumn when the weather is warm.

Cool-season crops must mature while the weather is cool otherwise they will go to seed. That means they are usually planted at the end of the warm season or the start of the cool season. Warm-season crops must be planted and begin to grow after the last frost or freeze of winter, and they must mature soon enough that they can be harvested before the first frost of the next cool season.

Of course, if the weather in your region is cool year-round, cool-weather crops will be well suited most of the year. And, if you live in tropical or subtropical region where the weather is seldom if ever cool, warm-weather crops are your best year-round choice.

Cool-season crops

Cool-season vegetables should be planted so that they mature either in the spring or early summer before the heat of summer or later in autumn as the weather begins to cool. Cool-weather vegetables require a minimum planting temperature of 40-50°F (5-10°C), and they grow best when the temperature highs are in the range of 70-75°F (21-24°C).Cool weather crops usually stop producing when daytime temperatures reach 80ºF (26°C). or higher.

Cool-season vegetables that can tolerate frost and or short freezes are classified as hardy and half-hardy according to their tolerance. Hardy vegetables can be planted two to four weeks before the last frost in spring. Their seeds will germinate in cold soil and their seedlings can endure short freezes

Hardy vegetables include:

Half-hardy cool-weather vegetables are able to tolerate light freezes, just a few hours of freezing weather or frost. Half-hardy crops should be planted about the date of the last spring frost. If they are planted too soon, they will not survive extended freezing weather.

Half-hardy vegetables include:

Warm-season crops

Warm-season vegetables require a minimum soil planting temperature of 50°F (10°C). The optimal soil planting temperature for warm-season crops is 60°F (16°C). Warm-season crops do best when the air and soil temperatures reach 65-86° (18-30°C). Most warm-season vegetables require at least 75°F (24°C) for minimum growth.

Warm-season crops can be classified as tender and very tender. Tender vegetables are best planted one to two weeks after the last frost. Very tender vegetables are best planted at least three weeks after the last frost.

Tender vegetables include:

Very tender vegetables include:

Many warm-season vegetables can be grown out of their season if they are protected from temperatures below 50ºF (10ºC). You can use cold frames, row covers, cloches or other season-extending devices to grow warm-season vegetables out of season.

More tips at Seed Planting Times.

 

Vegetable planting calendar

To get a good result in the garden, it is important to observe the timing of sowing seeds. Some crops are sown when there is still snow on the street. Others - when the soil warms up in the beds. By observing the planting calendar, it is possible to get large yields of vegetables, herbs and berries even in the conditions of a short summer.

Seasonal vegetables are the most numerous category of dacha crops. Among them there are heat-loving and cold-resistant, long-ripening and early ripening. They are sown at different times. The vegetable planting calendar will help you not to miss anything. It has both popular and rare crops. All of them are suitable for amateur cultivation. nine0003


What vegetables to sow in March

Solanaceae are favorites of any garden. Tomatoes, sweet and hot peppers, eggplants have a long growing season and are therefore grown through seedlings. When to plant vegetables from the nightshade family? Their seeds are dipped into the soil long before the onset of heat - in March-April. Two-month-old seedlings are transported to the garden in May-June, and the exact timing of sowing for seedlings is determined based on the precocity of the varieties.

Seed onions in an annual crop are also grown in seedlings. Seeds are sown in March. Harvested in August-September. Sowing depth - about 1.5 cm.

Leek grows slowly. It is grown only through seedlings, sowing as early as possible - in March. Seedlings are planted when the soil warms up. The crop is harvested from the second half of summer. For leeks, good lighting is important, otherwise the heavy stems will fall and twist.

Root celery is grown from seedlings, which are sown at the end of March. Seeds of celery are small, they are only lightly sprinkled with soil. The scheme of planting in the ground 25x25 cm.

What vegetables to sow in April

Another seedling crop familiar to gardeners is white cabbage. Early sown in March, medium-late and late - in April. Cabbage loves coolness, so in warm spring, seeds for seedlings can be sown immediately in an outdoor greenhouse. nine0003

Broccoli and cauliflower are sown for seedlings in batches from April to June. This allows you to collect the maximum yield in a limited area. Sowing depth 2 cm. The crop is harvested in July-October.

Seeds of rutabagas, which are gradually regaining their lost popularity, can be sown from April to June. At the beginning of spring - for seedlings for early harvests, with the arrival of stable heat - directly into the ground. Late-ripening varieties are harvested in October.

Brussels sprouts, which have a very long growing season, are grown only through seedlings, which are sown in an outdoor greenhouse in March-April. The sowing depth is 2 cm. In order to harvest a large crop of delicious mini cabbages in the fall, cabbage must be regularly fed: with nitrogen at the beginning of the growing season, with potassium and phosphorus - starting in August. nine0003

Heat-loving cucumbers are sown for seedlings in April. At the beginning of summer, you can sow the seeds directly in the garden. The harvest begins in July and continues until the first cold weather. The sowing depth is 2.5 cm. Do not forget to put trellises for cucumbers; when grown in spreading, the yield decreases.

Radishes are sown in open beds from the end of April. Sowing can be repeated every 2 weeks. From mid-June to early August, you need to take a break, because plants sown with a long daylight hours will quickly bloom and become unsuitable for food. In August, sowing radishes can be continued. The harvest is from April to September. nine0003

Lettuce lovers grow it both from seedlings and direct seeding in the ground, sowing from April to July. The harvest is from June to September. Sowing depth 1 cm.

Extremely useful, but still unfamiliar to many, spinach is sown in the garden in spring and again in early summer. It is convenient to do this every 2 weeks, starting in April. The crop is harvested after 3-5 weeks. Seeding depth 2 cm. Depending on the region, it is sown on beds in April-May. Harvested from June to October. Carrots are sown in rows every 15-20 cm, and then thinned out in a row by 8-10 cm. The seeding depth is 1.5 cm.

Zucchini and pumpkins are sown in the ground in May and covered with agrofibre to protect against possible recurrent frosts. Seeds are buried to a depth of 3 cm according to the scheme 90 by 90 cm. They are sown in early May immediately to a permanent place.

Sweet corn seeds are sown in May, when the danger of frost has passed. Planting depth 3 cm, row spacing 35 cm, in a row 45 cm. Harvesting takes place from July to September. nine0003

Seasonal greens - dill, parsley, cilantro, leaf celery - are sown in batches from May to August. Row spacing 30 cm, planting depth 1.5 cm.

Potatoes are a separate story. Learn the Eight Secrets of Growing Potatoes - You Won't Regret It!

What vegetables to sow in June

Table beet is thermophilic, it is sown in the garden when even the slightest threat of frost has passed. But you can harvest even with the onset of cold October. Beets are grown with row spacings of 30 cm, about 10 cm are left in the row between plants. After thinning, extra seedlings can be transplanted to an adjacent bed - beets easily tolerate such a procedure. nine0003


What vegetables to sow in August

In the last month of summer, it is not too late to sow early-ripening leafy vegetables. They will have time to grow leaf and watercress, spinach, dill, parsley, arugula, onions on a feather.

What vegetables to plant in September

According to the vegetable harvest calendar, mass harvesting takes place in September: potatoes and root crops are dug up, the last fruits of nightshade and pumpkin are harvested. But do not forget about sowing. In early September, you can sow early varieties of lettuce, Chinese cabbage, arugula, spinach, salad mustard, radish and, of course, green manure. By mid-October they will be ready for harvest. nine0003

By knowing when to plant vegetables in your garden, you will always have a good harvest. Tell us in the comments if our calendar was useful to you. Find a few minutes for a short master class from our specialist - you will find out what flowers can be sown before winter so as not to waste precious spring days on laying flower beds.

Published: 10 Mar 2022

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When to plant vegetables. Terms of planting seeds of the main vegetable crops

Many gardeners would like to know the exact time of sowing vegetable seeds. But to the question: "When to plant vegetables?" cannot be answered with an exact calendar date. Even the phenological spring does not come according to the calendar. In addition, a lot depends on the size of the seeds, the selected variety, the place of sowing and the characteristics of the soil.

Vegetable sowing time

Earlier does not mean better. Vegetable seeds sown too early can sprout weakly due to frost damage. Each seed germinates only at a certain temperature. Therefore, seeds sown too early will simply wait for "warm" weather. Even vegetables grown from early sown seeds can be weak and more prone to diseases and pests. nine0003

But how exactly to determine the date of sowing? By what signs should a gardener navigate? No one will run around the site with a thermometer and check whether the soil is warm and ready. But that's what our eyes are for, to see the clues and signs of nature.

Hardy vegetables are sown first. Their seeds are not afraid of cold and seedlings withstand even short-term frosts. Lettuce, parsley, spinach and radish can be sown under small film shelters.

Cold resistant crops:

All of these crops thrive at low temperatures. And spice-flavored crops also need increased soil moisture for friendly germination.

A little later - at the end of April we plant the seeds of early cabbage, beets. Signs will help us determine the exact sowing time.

The coltsfoot has blossomed and in two weeks feel free to sow cold-resistant vegetables. With this sowing, they will not shoot themselves. nine0003

The aspen blossomed and the bird cherry leaves blossomed, the swallows flew in and the cuckoo called - it's time to sow beets, beans, peas, winter cabbage for seedlings, borage, oregano.

The first green leaves appeared on the birch - the sour cherry and cherry in buds are preparing to bloom - you can sow beans, carrots for storage, hyssop, lemon balm.

Leaves on a birch the size of a penny - it's time to plant potatoes and celery.

Nettle has released the second tier of leaves - it's time to plant cauliflower and late cabbage. nine0003

Vegetable planting depth

Each seed has its own size and the depth of sowing vegetables depends on it. Usually the gardener's first mistake is "buried seeds" too deep. The seeds are not strong enough to germinate. Here and shoots are rare or they are not at all.

Too shallow seeding depth - also very bad. Such seeds and shoots dry out quickly.

It can be very inconvenient to sow small seeds. Seeds of sorrel, turnips, carrots are recommended to be mixed with sand and sown in this way. Small-seeded crops are sown to a depth of 0.5-1 cm. nine0003

Seeds of medium size - to a depth of 2-3 cm. And the largest ones (beans, peas) should be planted to a depth of 3-5 cm.

Beans are sown to a depth of 7-8 c

Legumes are planted deeper so that birds do not pick them up.

Methods for sowing vegetable seeds

Small seeds of turnips, carrots, sorrel are sown in shallow grooves with a distance between seeds of 1-1.5 cm. It is advisable to sprinkle the seeds on top with a mixture of earth with peat or humus. nine0003

Such grooves are clearly visible on the beds, the seeds in them will not dry out, and the vegetables will not thicken.

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