How to protect flowers from frost

Frost-fighting fertilizers

Plants will survive cold weather more easily if you feed them 10-24 hours before frost. Spraying on the leaves with a solution of potassium-phosphorus or complex fertilizer will work best. After feeding, the juice in the plant cells becomes more saturated, this one freezes more slowly. It's like with sea and ordinary water. If fresh water freezes at 0°C, sea water freezes at -1.8°C. nine0003

Instead of fertilizer, you can spray with Epin's solution.

Mulching

Mulch (straw, grass clippings, sawdust, pine needles, seed husks) retains heat in the soil and protects the root system of plants. She, of course, will not save from dead flowers and ovaries. But as an additional measure, it does not hurt. The tangible effect of mulching can be in the greenhouse.

Smaller plants (eg strawberry bushes) can be covered whole with mulch. True, in the morning you will have to carefully dig them out so as not to damage the stems and leaves. The exception is potato shoots. In general, they can be spudded with earth before freezing and not worry - the shoots will make their own way up. nine0003

Important! Potato seedlings grown from seeds, as well as potatoes from mini-tubers or layering, are not recommended to fall asleep. These sprouts are not strong enough to get out of the ground on their own.

Warm beds

This method is, of course, more preventive. Compost beds made from plant residues are called warm for a reason. The soil in them is really warmer. It warms the plants from the inside. And there are enough nutrients in such a ridge to make it easier to survive the unfavorable period. If you don’t have warm beds in your garden yet, try making at least one. Zucchini, pumpkins, cucumbers in such beds grow by leaps and bounds. nine0003

About what and how to build a warm bed, read here: Making a warm bed with your own hands: device, schemes outside. Nevertheless, greenhouse crops will also have to be saved from freezing. We have already mentioned that peppers, eggplants and even tomatoes react very badly to low temperatures, even to positive ones. The cold outside may not kill them, but the yield will drop significantly. nine0003

In order not to lose most of the crop, we will defend ourselves!

Covering plantings

The most obvious way is to build a temporary shelter in the greenhouse according to the same principle as in the open area. Several layers of agrofibre will allow the plants to safely survive frosts. And if you come to the site only on weekends, arranging a greenhouse inside the greenhouse is perhaps the best option.

We heat the greenhouse

Infrared or any other heater is the simplest and most effective solution. In this case, you need to prepare for additional electricity costs or save. For example, turn on only in the coldest pre-morning hours or according to the “two hours of work - one hour of rest” scheme. nine0003

Someone uses homemade stoves to heat greenhouses. For example, they leave a closed brazier (bucket) with hot coals for the night. Or they build a semblance of a stationary furnace from an enameled bucket: a hole is made in the lid and a pipe is inserted. This pipe is taken out of the greenhouse. If necessary, coals are lit in a bucket.

Smoke can protect against frost

It is very often recommended to smoke greenhouses with tobacco bombs. The checker is placed in an iron bucket, set on fire with the onset of freezing and left to burn. It burns for about an hour and a half, and for a couple of hours the smoke will stand in a closed greenhouse. Protects against slight frosts. The main thing is not to confuse a tobacco checker with a sulfur checker. The smoke of the latter can adversely affect the metal frame of the greenhouse. nine0003

Insulating the roots

In case of short-term frosts, "bed heaters" - water bottles or cobblestones - help out a lot. They need to be laid out next to the plants in advance. Then during the day they will heat up, and at night they will give off heat.

Finally, no one prevents us from combining. And spread out the bottles (preferably dark ones) with water, and cover the bushes on top, and even spray the plantings with Epin for safety net. In the fight against bad weather, all means are good!

And as a very effective preventive measure, I would like to recommend this: objectively assess your capabilities. It is clear that planting tomato seedlings in a greenhouse in the Moscow region at the end of April is cool. Many do this and are satisfied with the harvest. But if you don't live near a vegetable garden, if you don't have a heater ready "just in case," maybe you shouldn't be in a hurry? nine0003

For some, it is much more convenient to postpone planting seedlings or delay the flowering of fruit trees for a week than to build temporary greenhouses or watch fires all night long.

Let's thaw together: how to save plants that have fallen under frost

And what to do when the plants still got frost? The weather forecast is not always 100% correct, and signs do not guarantee anything. If early in the morning you notice frost on the leaves, do not rush to despair. Let's try to resuscitate the victims. nine0003

Water and shade

First of all, the "frozen" ones should be sprayed with cool water and shaded. The bright sun is now only to their detriment. In the shade, the leaves will thaw slowly and possibly fully recover. In the middle of the day, inspect the plants. It will already be clear which leaves have climbed out and which ones need to be cut.

Spraying with stimulants

Our indispensable Epin, Zircon, Fitosporin and other biostimulants are again in a hurry to the rescue. They activate the recovery processes in cells, helping the plant to cope with stress faster. Preparations are used for both vegetable and fruit crops. nine0003

First, let's prepare a "rescue" composition:

• Option 1. In 5 liters of water we dissolve an ampoule of "Epin-extra" and a teaspoon of vinegar to acidify the water
• Option 2. In 10 liters of water we dilute Zircon

We advise you to generously spray the branches and leaves damaged by frost, not forgetting to moisten the lower part of the leaf. This should be done early in the morning or late in the evening, because under the influence of sunlight, the active substances of the drugs are destroyed. After spraying for 2-3 days, forget about watering. Thus, the plants will have to be processed four times with an interval of a week. nine0003

With the help of Zircon, gardeners managed to resurrect tomatoes that fell under -8°C. The entire ground part of the plants was cut off, leaving only 3 cm stumps. And poured under the root with a solution of Zircon 1: 8. From the root new shoots began to grow.

Mineral fertilizers

Fertilizing with mineral fertilizers also contributes to the rapid recovery of damaged crops. The only condition is not to overdo it. Small doses of fertilizers in this case will bring more benefits. nine0003

So, nitrogen fertilizers are applied under frozen potatoes: urea, ammonium nitrate, nitrophoska and others. When hilling, they fall asleep in the aisles, halving the dose recommended on the package.

Vegetable crops are fed with nitrophoska or other complex fertilizer at the rate of 10 grams per 1 square meter.

Nitroammophoska helps frozen strawberries. A tablespoon of fertilizer is dissolved in 10 liters of water and 500 milliliters are poured under each bush.

The same fertilizer is used for watering fruit trees and berry bushes. Take 50 grams of nitroammophoska per 10 liters of water.

Feeding is best done in the evening.

Be vigilant, dear gardening friends! Spring warmth is often deceptive, and return frosts are sudden. We hope that all the recommendations and tips will help you cope with spring frosts without significant losses.

We wish you success and great harvests!

Effective methods for saving plants from recurrent frosts

As spring approaches, all summer residents and gardeners start preparing for the new sowing season. One of the main activities at this time is the preparation for return frosts. A sharp drop in temperature in May and early June is a common occurrence for Russian latitudes. The situation is dangerous because trees, shrubs, sown vegetables, planted flowers and berries can die from a cold snap. Heat-loving crops are especially affected. Consider how to protect plants from spring frosts. What to do to enjoy a rich harvest in the fall. nine0003

Which plants tolerate frosts more easily

Crop name	Low t withstand, o C
Peas, legumes, celery, garlic, parsnips	Seedlings are able to survive a decrease in air temperature and on the ground to -5 without consequences.
Raspberry bushes	Within 2-3 days, it will withstand the onslaught of frosts up to -3-4. On the third day, do something urgently. Otherwise, the bed cannot be saved.
Strawberries and strawberries	You will be able to survive the temperature drop to -9 painlessly.
Carrot, parsnip, parsley Radish, cabbage, horseradish Spinach, onion, rhubarb and sorrel	Able to withstand and not die when t drops to -5-6.
Blackberry, raspberry	Rarely affected by frost attacks. Saves shrubs late flowering.

Cold-sensitive crops

• Early flowering stone fruit, especially planted in lowlands, away from water bodies. Also weakened and sick specimens, which are the first to be at risk. nine0154
• Apricots, apples, plums and cherries are considered cold sensitive. Also cherry, pear.
• Grapes, gooseberries and blueberries do not tolerate frost well.
• Easily freezes early planted seedlings of vegetable crops. These are eggplant, tomato and pepper grown from seeds.
• A sharp cold snap is detrimental to strawberries, strawberries, gourds. They begin to suffer from cold when the thermometer falls to -1 ^about S.
• Even if the berries grown from mustaches or seeds were strong, the consequences cannot be avoided. After freezing, the bushes stop growing, leave for a long time and painfully. But still, part of the crop can usually be saved. This is due to the fact that the culture has a fairly long flowering period. Even if the early flower buds suffer from the cold, fall off, after resuscitation, the plants will again throw out the flower stalks and delight with ripe berries.
• A number of heat-loving varieties of garden flowers also suffer from spring cold. Drop in air and soil t to -2 ^about C causes a halt in growth and development. As a result, even if the flowers do not die, flowering is still delayed by about 1.5-2 weeks.
• Perennial salvia and rose do not tolerate spring cold. Annuals dahlias, nasturtiums, chrysanthemums grown for seedlings from seeds of marigolds and zinnias. It is recommended not to rush to transfer them to the ground. It is better to wait until the threat of May frosts completely disappears.

Food for thought! The degree of susceptibility to sudden changes in temperature largely depends on what stage of blooming the buds are in. The ovaries withstand temperatures down to -1 ^about C. The buds fall off already at a frost of -3 ^about C. Blossoming buds die at -3.3-3.5 ^about C. Blossoming buds darken and fall off if it gets colder to -2 ^about C. In the flowering stage, plants become the weakest, most susceptible. Fruits will not set if a flowering tree, bush or flower had to survive a frost of up to -1.5 ^about C.

How to protect the beds from return frosts

It is believed that the last decade of May, the beginning of June is the time when frosts are no longer scary. However, it is not. nine0003

• First of all, there are regions in Russia where the spring is protracted and the years are short and do not come soon.
• Secondly, today the climate is changing rapidly. Even the southern regions are not immune from sudden changes in temperature, night cooling.

What is a return frost? This is when at night the temperature drops for a certain time, falling to 0 ^about C. Basically, such surprises occur at night or in the early morning, before sunrise. nine0003

How to protect the beds, especially those that are sensitive to cold? There is a set of measures that have proven useful and effective in practice:

Event	How to organize, conduct
Mulching	Ideal for garden beds. Use organic matter as mulch: dried grass, straw or compost. nine0154 Beds and seedlings leaning towards the ground are covered with natural covering material. Mulching helps conserve heat by reducing soil heat transfer and increasing moisture above the soil surface. When to line? Best in the evening, after watering. For greater effect, a layer of agrofibre should be laid on top of the organic mulch carpet. Then the beds will not be afraid of any frost.
Hilling	Mostly used for potatoes. Armed with a chopper, it is necessary to form mounds around each bush. Cover the sprouts with leaves well. The thickness of the soil layer should be approx. 8-10 cm.
Covering materials	A simple and effective way to save almost any vegetable garden. It consists in creating a mini-greenhouse from special covering materials, any bottles, boxes and containers that are at hand. nine0003 beds are covered with spunbond or polyethylene film. Flowering strawberries and strawberries are covered with agrofiber, agrospan. Seedlings are covered with cut plastic containers: bottles, boxes, containers, caps, etc. Use any cardboard box as a covering. Cones and covering caps are made from cardboard and thick paper. To protect against frost, each bush can be covered with glass containers: jars, bottles, bottles, any other containers. nine0154 To protect ornamental shrubs, special covering materials or ordinary burlap are used. Medicinal plants sown in the soil are protected by covering the seedlings with cut plastic bottles, buckets, disposable cups. Any type of shelter will reliably protect the beds from harmful contact with the outside world. Important! When constructing any protective devices, using covering materials and containers, try to keep them less in contact with the leaves, tops of plants. Therefore, mini-greenhouses are built for relatively tall seedlings, young bushes and trees. nine0003 The frame is first formed from bent metal pipes. The length of the sections is at least 45 cm. After that, any non-woven material or film is attached to the structure. Preferably 2-3 coats. The number of layers will directly depend on the degree of the predicted degree of cooling. Only use transparencies! Black and any dark ones will not let heat through to the roots of seedlings.
Fertilizer spraying	Preparing potassium-phosphorus top dressing. Take 75 g of double superphosphate for 1.5 liters of hot water. The mixture is infused for 3.5-4 hours. After the solution is filtered, diluted in 15 liters of water. Add 30 g of potassium nitrate to the finished composition. The resulting mixture is sprayed on trees, shrubs, flowers and other horticultural crops a day before the predicted frost. nine0003
Root applications	Landings are watered at the roots with fertilizer solutions with a high content of potassium, phosphorus. Top dressing will help if they are applied 10-11 hours before the frost hits.
Smoke	The easiest way, but has some peculiarities. The essence is as follows: Fires are lit on the leeward side of the site. Based on each hundred square meters, one. Bonfire size: width up to 1.3-1.5 m, height - not less than 0.5-0.7 m. They set fire to everything that smolders well: straw, dry branches and leaves, cut grass, etc. The fire is kindled in advance with the expectation that the strongest frosts occur in the early morning. Maintain smoldering by checking if there is heat. Smoke creates a curtain, an obstacle between cold and plants, warms the air by several degrees. What are the features of the method? It will help with frosts not lower than -4 about C. This method of protection can cause indignation of the neighbors if the smoke is blown into their garden. nine0003
Sprinkler or irrigation	The method is more convenient, more efficient than sprinkling, therefore it is considered quite popular. To do this, you need a hose with a nozzle for watering. Ideal if the site has a stationary irrigation system with sprinklers. What are they doing. Irrigate the plants a few hours before expected frost. They do it late at night, since in most cases the most severe frosts occur before dawn. nine0154 What does it do? The moisture that has fallen on the seedlings at minus begins to actively evaporate. As a result of active evaporation, the air around is warmed up, not allowing the cold to fall close to the ground, where the roots of the plants are. The method is effective, it saves even in cases when it gets colder to the mark of -5-7 about C. The main thing is to water a few hours before the cold snap. Otherwise, the moisture will begin to evaporate early, all efforts will be nullified.
Heavy or wet irrigation	The method is applicable to all plants, for example, seedlings from vegetable seeds, young and adult berries, etc. But it is especially effective for shrubs and trees. Up to 5-10 buckets of warm water, heated to +10 about C, are poured under each tree or bush. Treat crops additionally by irrigation or sprinkling. nine0154 The protection method works similarly to the previous one. Moisture begins to evaporate, warms the air and prevents plantings from freezing.
Green manures	Green manure seeds are sown in advance between rows, in areas where vegetables, flowers, berries, any heat-loving varieties are planted. Green manure with a living wall will protect plantings from extreme temperatures. After, when warm weather sets in, they are cut off, leaving between the rows like mulch. nine0003
Landing planning	Stone fruit trees are capricious, react negatively to lower temperatures. It is recommended not to plant them in the lowlands, where it is always 2-3 about C colder than in the rest of the territory. Before transshipment of vegetable seedlings in open ground, it must be hardened off. During the day, take out to the street, at night - the house. In general, do not rush to plant vegetables in the garden. Wait until warm weather sets in. Otherwise, the plants can not be saved. nine0154 When choosing seeds for shrubs and trees, vegetables, flowers and other crops, choose varieties that are suitable for the climate in your area. Today, most breeders have such seed. A striking example is the seeds "Gavrish" and "Agroelita".

Weatherman himself

It's good to be interested in the weather forecast, but we all know that meteorologists often make mistakes. Not because they are incompetent. It's just that often they give out data not for a single region or city, but in general, for the region. That is why the weather varies so much in individual places located in the same region. What to do? Learn on your own, determine what the weather will be like in the coming days. Become a weather forecaster and do everything to prevent freezing of plants. nine0003

Nature and folk wisdom will help

nine0193

The threat has passed. There will be no more cold snaps and frosts.

Sign, natural phenomenon	What will happen (probable course of events)
Early spring, warm first half of the season	In May there is a great threat of cooling. Moreover, a significant drop in temperature is likely to occur closer to the end of May, beginning of June.
Early spring, warm	Expect return frosts May 1-5, 15-20. In addition to freezing of the soil, wet snow is possible.
Warm during the day, very cold in the evening	Wait for cold weather if a sharp drop in temperature occurs against the background of such factors: cloudless, clear sky; calm, calm weather; nine0154 dry air and no morning dew. The probability is especially high if at 19:00-20:00 the temperature begins to drop sharply, and by 21:00 the thermometer already shows +3-4 about C.
Moon yellow like a head of cheese	Expect frost in the air and on the ground.
Sparrows sit silently, ruffled and hiding their tails. nine0003	High chance of rain with sleet. The cold will come soon.
The weather is cloudy, but it clears up closer to the night	Cooling will be for sure.
The fish does not bite and goes to the depth	A sharp cold will come in a day.
The frogs have stopped croaking, they are silent	There will be a cold snap, frosts on the ground.
Water lilies on ponds raised leaves	No more cooling. You can start planting heat-loving crops, sowing seeds of flowers and vegetables in open ground.
Viburnum blossoms in a riotous color
Red willow blossoms	The earth is ripe, there will be no sharp drops in temperature. It's time to go to the field, sow the soil.
Willow and aspen blossomed	It's time to sow carrot seeds in the garden. At the same time it is already possible to sow: parsley, dill; radish, radish; turnips and onions.
Maple blossoms	It's time to plant the beet seeds.
Lilac and rowan blossoms	It's time to sow cucumber seeds outdoors. Plant seedlings: eggplant; tomatoes; nine0154 peppers; physalis.
It's time for cherry plum, cherry and blackthorn to blossom	Time to sow corn seeds outdoors.
The cuckoo has flown in and is calling	Heat-loving crops can be sown outdoors.
Oak blossomed	It's time to sow peas.
Three frosts in May	When bird cherry blossoms, when apricot blossoms, the temperature drops especially when oak blossoms.

This is interesting! The people noticed. If March is dry, April is damp, and May is cold, expect a rich harvest in autumn.

Calculations help predict the weather

In one of the issues of the magazine "Country Secrets" a note was published by our compatriot, an experienced gardener Yu. M. Alekseev. Based on personal experience, he told how you can determine whether there will be frost in May.

• To do this, you need an ordinary outdoor thermometer, which is hung out in a shady place where the sun hardly gets.
• To predict changes in the weather, you need to fix the thermometer readings at 13:00 (daytime) and at 21:00 (evening). nine0154
• After you need to find the difference between the received numbers.
• Check the final number with the data given in the table.
• Thus, to find out how likely the threat of the return of frost is.

Factors affecting forecast accuracy

Forecast accuracy depends on a number of weather factors. They focus on changes that occur mainly in the evening or at night. What factors indicate that there will be no cooling, even if the thermometer shows otherwise:

• The wind increased, became gusty and cold.
• Cloudiness has sharply increased.
• Fog came out of nowhere.
• Dew has fallen on the grass and leaves of the trees.

Good to know! In cities, on hills covered with vegetation, the ambient temperature is usually 2-3 ^about higher than in hilly areas and in lowlands.

If the seedlings and seedlings are still frozen

Unfortunately, not all crops will be able to survive the cold snap. Even strong plants sometimes cannot stand frost and freeze slightly. What to do in this case? Is it possible to somehow revive the garden and vegetable garden?

• It is recommended to wrap seedlings, frozen trees and shrubs with hay, straw or rags. They will warm up, slowly thaw. There is hope that they will fully recover.
• Frozen seedlings and crops will help save the following method. In the morning, before sunrise, spray the damaged plants with a solution, where 2 g of boron, potassium permanganate and copper were thrown into 10 liters of water. Spray completely every bush! The water should be cold, not warm. nine0154
• Experienced gardeners are advised to fluff up frostbitten beds, water the root zone of damaged plants with a weak solution of complex fertilizers. This method is good for grapes. And the tomatoes will help, albeit partially. Frozen tops are unlikely to come to life, but with 100% certainty we can say that powerful side shoots will grow.
• Wait a day after the frost, then water the bed with tomatoes and cabbage with water at room temperature. How much to pour? Under each bush 1 liter. Before watering, it is recommended to trim the damaged tops and leaves to a healthy, undamaged tissue. nine0154
• One day after watering, spray frozen seedlings with any growth activator. Suitable Kornevin, Epin, Epin-extra, Heteroauxin or analogues. Prepare the spray mixture strictly according to the instructions on the package. How much will be needed? Based on the calculation of 75-100 ml for each bush. The same solution is recommended to water the soil near the plants. Pour about 175-200 ml under each seedling.
• After 3-4 days, it is recommended to make top dressing from 10 liters of water, where 1 tbsp. l. urea. nine0154
• After about a week, 8-9 days, feed the affected crops with a top dressing with a high content of potassium. The solution is prepared based on 10 liters of water 1 tbsp. l. fertilizers. Under each bush, approximately 175-200 ml is poured.
• If frost has affected potato seedlings, it is also worth trimming the tops and leaves to living tissue. Then spray each bush with a growth stimulator. In parallel with this, reinforce the seedlings with nitrogen fertilizers. To do this, prepare a solution of 10 liters of water and 20 g of ammonium nitrate. Pour 150-180 ml under each bush. nine0154

How to reanimate seedlings of vegetable crops

Here is how experienced gardeners recommend reviving seedlings of garden crops beaten by the May cold snap:

Comprehensive treatment, sanitary pruning will revive frozen seedlings.

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