Daylily bulb planting

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The daylily is called the lazy lily. And the Czech writer Karel Capek, in love with gardening, dubbed daylilies "the flowers of an intelligent lazybones." Probably, the poet of gardening dealt with natural types of daylily, they are really very unpretentious.

But if you want to see in your garden something more intricate than the red and yellow daylilies we are used to, you will have to get to know the character of this plant better!

• Why does the daylily suddenly stop blooming?
• How to prepare for the awakening of dormant daylilies in spring?
• Which varieties of daylilies are the most fragrant?
• Which daylilies can be grown in a pot?
• Is it true that white daylilies are just a publicity stunt for breeders?

Read our article.

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Planting and caring for daylilies

• Planting: sowing seeds in open ground before winter or in spring after stratification of the seed. Divide and transplant in the spring, in late April or early May.
• Flowering: depending on species and variety from May to August.
• Light: bright sun, partial shade or shade.
• Soil: any garden soil other than sandy. The optimum soil is a rich, well-drained loam that is neutral to slightly acidic. nine0068
• Watering: infrequent but plentiful. Water is poured under the root.
• Top dressing: with a full mineral fertilizer in the spring, when the leaves are growing, and a month after the peak of flowering.
• Propagation: varietal plants - by division followed by transplantation in August or separation of the daughter rosette without digging up the plant. Species plants can be propagated by seed.
• Pests: thrips, water voles, lily flies, slugs. nine0068
• Diseases: root rot, Fusarium, rust.

Read more about the cultivation of daylilies below

Daylily (lat. Hemerocallis) , or krasodnev is a herbaceous rhizomatous perennial of the subfamily Daylily family Asphodelaceae. Homeland - East Asia. The daylily has been familiar to mankind since ancient times, but for the first time science started talking about it in 1753, when Carl Linnaeus gave it the name "hemerokallis", which consists of two Greek words: "hemera", which means "day, day", and "callos" which means "beauty". In Russian, the plant is called krasodnev, that is, beauty that lives only one day. nine0005

Not only cultural species and varieties of daylily are beautiful, but also “savages” growing in nature. In addition, daylily flowers are so unpretentious that flower growers call them the lazy gardener's plant, but this is true only for older varieties. In recent years, the daylily, thanks to American and Australian breeders, has been at the height of fashion: new varieties, although more capricious than the previous ones, are so incredibly beautiful that it is not at all a pity for the time or effort spent on them.

Botanical description

The adventitious roots of the daylily are thread-like, usually fleshy, thick, and this helps the plants survive in drought. The leaves are basal, broadly linear, two-row, arcuately curved or straight. Daylily flowers are six-parted, large, most often funnel-shaped, orange, yellow, red-brown or yellow, collected several in inflorescences. Up to three flowers bloom at the same time, and the total duration of flowering of the daylily bush is more than three weeks. One or more peduncles are leafy, depending on the species and variety, from 30 cm to 1 m, sometimes even higher. Daylily fruit is a trihedral box with seeds. In horticulture, both natural plant species and numerous cultivars and forms are used. nine0005

Growing daylilies in the garden

Growing conditions

In nature, in their natural habitat, daylilies grow among shrubs on the edges of forests, so logically it is best to grow it in partial shade, and this will be correct if the penumbra is in Australia , Africa or the south of France. In our gardens, daylilies planted in partial shade may not have enough light and heat set for them to fully bloom, especially when it comes to hybrid varieties. Only bright sunlight will make the daylily bloom unique. nine0005

In the photo: Growing daylilies in a flower bed

Soil

As for the soil for the daylily, although the plant is unpretentious and any garden soil will suit it, but if you want to get the most out of the daylily, it is better to bring the soil into which you submerge daylily root, in accordance with its tastes: add sand and compost to clay soil, clay to sandy soil, enrich sod-podzolic soil with compost.

The ideal soil composition is rich loam with good drainage. In terms of acidity, the soil should be neutral or slightly acidic. nine0005

• Pennisetum: growing from seeds in the garden

If creating good drainage for an area is a problem, make raised beds for the daylilies. Otherwise, daylilies require attention, but do not cause trouble.

What colors go with daylilies

Daylilies are used in garden design both as single plants and as groups. They look great against the background of trees and shrubs (viburnum, panicled hydrangea, bamboo). Very beautiful borders are obtained from dense-bush varieties of daylily, and undersized, small-flowered species and varieties are very good near stone hills, on the banks of a reservoir or river. Daylilies are also used as a decoration for winter gardens, they stand for a long time in the cut in bouquets. nine0005

In the photo: Orange daylilies in the garden

Since many daylilies lose their decorative effect by the end of summer, think over in advance what plants to plant them in combination with so that yellowed, dying daylily leaves are not visible.

Designers recommend using ornamental grasses, physostegia, yarrows of different shades or spotted loosestrife.

Planting a daylily

When to plant

Plant from spring to autumn - planting time depends on your climate. If winter comes early and quickly in your area, then a daylily planted in autumn may not have time to take root before frost and die, because on average a plant needs a month to root. But if you choose garden forms with an early or medium flowering period, then even in latitudes far from the south, your daylilies can have time to prepare for wintering in the garden. In addition, mulching beds with overwintering daylilies can protect them from cold and frost.

In the photo: How daylilies grow in a flower bed

From these considerations, proceed when deciding when to plant flowers. Flower growers believe that the best time for planting a daylily in the middle lane is May or August. It is also better to divide and transplant daylilies in spring or August.

How to plant

Before planting a daylily, pre-purchased planting material should be soaked in water or highly diluted mineral fertilizer a few hours before planting in the ground so that the roots swell and come to life, and then you will immediately see which of the roots should be carefully delete. Cut the rest of the roots to 20-30 cm in length. nine0005

• Zamaniha

In the photo: Young daylily

Dig a separate hole up to 30 cm deep for each bush or division, and do not forget that you are planting a daylily for a long time, and a bush that has grown over time to 50-70 cm in diameter should not be crowded. Pour a mixture of sand, peat and humus into each hole, add ash with superphosphate or potassium-phosphorus fertilizer, lower the roots into the hole, spread them over the mound so that there are no voids under the roots, fill the hole with soil, but not completely. nine0005

Plant a geyhera - it will look great next to it

Then, holding the plant with one hand, squeeze the soil around it well, water it abundantly, filling the hole to the brim with water (if the water was quickly absorbed, then you did not compact the soil well, so sprinkle it on top of the dry earth and compact it again), and only now fill the soil to the edges of the hole. It is very important, , that the root neck of the daylily be at a depth of no more than 2-3 cm, otherwise growth retardation and the risk of plant rotting are likely. If you did everything correctly, then the moisture received during planting should be enough for the plant to take root. nine0005

Transplantation of daylilies

Daylilies grow in one place up to 15 years, but age affects the quality of flowering. As soon as you noticed that your already middle-aged luxurious daylily began to lose its former beauty, there were fewer flowers on its peduncle, and they themselves are smaller, which means it's time to plant a bush. Dig the bush along its outer border and carefully remove it along with a clod of earth, being careful not to damage the roots. Place the roots under a strong stream of water to wash away the soil, then carefully separate into individual fans. nine0005

With a certain skill, you can do without knives or secateurs, but if you still had to cut the roots somewhere, treat the wounded areas with a fungicide.

It is best to plant and transplant plants in cloudy weather, and if you had to wait for it, dig the divisions and daylily bushes in the sand so that new roots do not immediately begin to grow, and you can not think about them for two weeks. Before planting, shorten the roots by removing rotten and dead ones, cut the leaves to 15-20 cm in the shape of an inverted "V" and plant the division in the place that you have determined for it in the manner described above. nine0005

Pictured: Crowded planting of daylilies

Caring for daylilies

How to care for your garden

Daylilies are a lot of fun but require very little attention. For example, they do not need to be watered often. Watering is necessary for daylilies only during a long drought, but then it is necessary to pour water abundantly under the root in order to deeply saturate the soil with water, watering time is in the evening.

• Annual flowers for the garden
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The amount of top dressings of depends on the quality of the soil in the garden, so decide for yourself how many times you have to fertilize the soil around daylilies, which are better under fed than over fertilized, but two top dressings are mandatory.

• The first top dressing with complex mineral fertilizers is carried out in the spring, when the leaves begin to grow: dry granules are scattered between the bushes, then they are “closed up” with a rake, and the ground is well watered. nine0068
• The second mandatory top dressing is carried out in August, a month after the peak of daylily flowering, during a short dormant period, to ensure the quality and quantity of next year's buds, which are laid during this period. The best fertilizer is Kemira-plus.

And remember: after fertilizing, water the plants well.

Soil mulching is of particular importance. This is done so that the earth does not compact over the root collars. The center of the bush is mulched with coarse river sand up to 3 cm. The soil between the bushes is mulched with peat or compost, if the soil is poor, but if the planting is located on rich soils, then it is better to mulch with needles or tree bark. They do this in order to protect plants from temperature fluctuations, preserve moisture in the soil and prevent the emergence of weeds. The layer of mulch should be 6-7 cm.

If for some reason you don't want to mulch the area with daylilies, don't forget to loosen the soil after watering, kill weeds and remove wilted flowers.

Daylily propagation

In August it is time to transplant daylilies, at the same time dividing the bushes. This is a vegetative method of propagation of daylilies, which we have already discussed in detail. In addition to dividing the bush, daylilies are propagated by seeds, but this species does not retain varietal characteristics, therefore it is used only by breeders to breed new varieties. There is another way to propagate a daylily - without digging up the main bush, but it is only suitable for varieties that form loose bushes. nine0005

Planting and caring for dahlias - detailed information

At 3-4 years of life of a daylily, the daughter rosette formed by it, which has already formed roots, is separated: a sharp shovel is placed vertically in the place of the intended cut and a part of the bush is separated by sharp pressure of the foot, then cut off from of the mother bush, the delenka is cut from below, taken out of the ground and transferred for transplantation to another place. Cuts and damaged roots are treated with ash or crushed coal. This should be done in the spring when the leaves are just beginning to grow, or in the fall after the leaves have been cut from the daylilies. nine0005

Pests and Diseases

Daylilies rarely get sick and are attacked by pests, but problems do occur. Of the pests, thrips, lily mosquitoes, water voles and slugs are the most dangerous for daylilies.

Thrips penetrate plants from the ground at a temperature of 10-12 ºC and begin their destructive life activity for plants: they suck the juice from leaves, stems and petals, from which the flowers are deformed even in buds. If you find thrips, dig up the plant and destroy it along with them - burn it. As a preventive measure, treat the ground around the daylilies with insecticides in spring and autumn and do not leave plant residues that may contain pests in the beds for the winter. nine0005

Lily mosquito lays larvae in plant buds, and larvae, growing up, feed on flowers and deform them. But this is not a mass phenomenon, so it is enough to simply remove the damaged flowers.

In the photo: Large white daylily

Water voles like to eat not only daylily roots. The trouble is that once every three or four years there is a peak in the increase in the number of rodents, and then they eat the roots of young apple trees, lily and tulip bulbs, and daylily roots. You can’t get rid of them, but you need to fight with the usual methods of fighting rodents. nine0005

Slugs will have to be collected by hand or use the Thunderstorm preparation.

As for diseases, the daylily suffers most often from fusarium, rust and root rot.

Root rot manifests itself in spring, when young leaves that have already grown out suddenly stop growing, turn yellow and are easily pulled out of the ground. It is necessary to dig up the plant, cut out all the areas affected by rot, wash the rhizome in a pink solution of potassium permanganate, treat the wounds with a fungicide, dry the rhizome for two days and transplant it to another place. Don't expect it to bloom for two years. In the area where the diseased plant grew, do not plant daylilies for at least a year. nine0005

In the photo: Daylily after rain

Rust only shows up in daylilies if patrinia grows somewhere nearby - don't put them in the neighborhood and you won't have trouble. For prevention, carefully treat daylilies with fungicides.

Fusarium is a known problem. Affected plants have a depressed appearance, the leaves turn yellow and die prematurely, the roots look like dust. The disease is fungal, destroyed at an early stage by fungicides. If the infection has entered into full force, the plant will have to be burned, the soil where it grew, and neighboring plants must be sprayed with Fundazol. As a preventive measure, sterilize garden tools, add Fitosporin-M to irrigation water, loosen the topsoil after watering. nine0005

In the photo: Cultivation of daylilies in the garden

Daylilies after flowering

According to one of the classifications, daylilies are divided into deciduous or dormant, semi-evergreen and evergreen. Dormant daylilies differ in that in autumn their leaves wither, die off, the plant goes dormant until spring. Evergreens (Evergreen) in our latitudes have only two to three weeks of dormancy. Semievergreen occupy an intermediate position: in warmer climates they behave like evergreens, in cooler climates like deciduous: the leaves turn yellow, but growth does not completely stop. nine0005

How to plant and care for irises - details

In deciduous or dormant daylilies, it is better to cut off the aerial part for the winter, but not too low, leaving 15-20 cm above the surface. They do not need to be covered as dormant daylilies are winter-hardy plants. However, in the eastern and northern regions of the country, in the event of a snowless winter, evergreen and semi-evergreen daylilies can freeze to death, especially if frosts are -20 ºC or lower. Therefore, it is better to cover them for the winter, like newly transplanted bushes, with dry leaves, spruce branches, straw or sawdust, but in early spring, do not forget to remove the shelter, as daylilies wake up very early.

Types and varieties of daylilies

Natural types

All natural types of daylilies are beautiful, so they are readily used in floriculture, especially since they are very easy to care for and undemanding to growing conditions. In addition, they are resistant to diseases and pests, tolerate drought and waterlogging, they are durable, finally. Popular species are yellow daylily, red daylily, Dumorier daylily, lemon yellow daylily, Middendorf daylily. Let's talk a little about some:

• orange daylily - leaves are rigid, dark green, up to 3 cm wide, sharply curved, peduncles branched above, up to a meter high, asymmetrical flowers, up to 12 cm in diameter, orange in the middle with a red-brown tint, blooms in July, does not smell. In culture since 1890;
• Lemon yellow daylily is found only in the regions of Central China, the shape of the flower resembles a white lily, it has a nocturnal type of flowering. Forms a bush 80-90 cm in height, peduncles are high, branched at the top, flower length - up to 14 cm, width - 12 cm, the aroma is pleasant and very strong. Blooms up to forty days in the second half of summer; nine0068
• Dumortier daylily or wolf grass grows in Northeast China, Japan, Korea and the Far East. Compact shrub up to 70 cm tall, bright green leaves 2-2.5 cm wide, peduncles at leaf level, 2-4 yellow-orange wide-open flowers 5 cm in diameter make up a dense inflorescence. Breeders favorite. In culture since 1830.

Photo: Lemon yellow daylily

Photo: Orange daylily

Hybrid daylily

Or garden daylily is the common name for numerous varieties of hybrid origin, of which there are currently more than 60,000. , in terms of flowering, height and such a wide range of colors that it is difficult to say what color of daylily is not in the culture. The hybrid daylily is a subject of a voluminous and structurally complex classification, in which plants are divided according to the length of the peduncle, the shape and size of the flower, the timing of flowering, color, type of vegetation, and many more features, and we will not delve into the presentation of this scientific work, created to a greater extent for academic professionals. We will introduce you to some interesting types and varieties of daylilies that will help you get an impression of this amazing and beautiful flower. nine0005

Daylilies of the double group

This is, simply speaking, a double type of daylilies with additional perianth petals. All varieties are incredibly beautiful. For example:

• Daylily Double Cutie - flower diameter - 10 cm, chartreuse petals, green throat, medium-early flowering;
• Daylily Double Dream – apricot petals with a dark orange throat 12 cm in diameter, bush height 60 cm, basal leaves;
nine0067 Daylily Double Red Royal - large, dark red flowers, petals reminiscent of royal velvet. The shape of the flower is unusual: the outer petals are large, inside them there is an openwork rosette of smaller petals. The plant produces up to 30 peduncles, each with 10-20 flowers. Daylily re-blooming.

On the photo: Double Dream Daylily

On the photo: Double Yellow Daylily

On the photo: Double Cutie Daylily

Spider Daylilies

Varieties with flowers with segments much longer than wide and reminiscent of spiders:

• Helix daylily - a huge spider with a throat of green, gradually turning into yellow petals, the ends of which are dark crimson - very beautiful;
• Arms to Heaven - a giant with a yellow-green throat and lilac-red long petals, blooms profusely, height 90 cm, 16-20 flowers on a peduncle;
• Free Healing - a very large cream-yellow spider with a red throat, thin petals are strongly elongated, up to 45 buds on one peduncle.

Fragrant daylilies

Available in all colors, shapes and sizes. Daylilies are so beautiful that they could not smell at all, but growing a flower in your garden that combines beauty and wonderful aroma is the dream of any grower:

• Apple Spring - soft pink petals with a strongly corrugated greenish-yellow border on the edge. Flower diameter - 15 cm, on each peduncle 65 cm high up to 28 fragrant flowers; nine0068
• Ode to Faith - deep yellow with a pink sheen along the middle stripe of the petal, golden pleated border, green throat. The height of the peduncle is 84 cm, the diameter of the flower is 15 cm, a delicate aroma;
• deciduous day lily Stella do Oro – delicate, fragrant, corrugated dark yellow funnel-shaped flowers 7 cm in diameter bloom profusely all summer long. This variety is the winner of many awards from the American Society of Daylilies, it is beautiful not only in the garden, not only as a border plant, but also as a houseplant. nine0068

In the photo: Daylily Ode to Faith

In the photo: Daylily Stella do Oro

White daylilies

It must be said that among the varieties and forms of daylilies there are many that can be conditionally called white. Here are some of them:

• Apple Blossom White is a white daylily with a yellow, strongly rippled border. Height - 83 cm, on peduncles 2 branches with 25 flowers;
• Ruffled Parchment - ruffled white daylily with a smooth transition from creamy white to yellow in the throat area, very fragrant, flower diameter - 13 cm, peduncle height - 5 cm; nine0068
• Granny Smith - almost white petals with a green ruffled border.

In the photo: White daylily

In the photo: White daylily

The fact is that absolutely white daylilies do not exist either in nature or in culture, so breeders introduced the expression “near white”, which means almost white.

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