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Cosmo flower plant


How to Grow and Care for Cosmos

Cosmos are freely flowering annuals that are easy to grow by sprinkling some seeds in the garden after any danger of frost has passed. These quintessential cottage garden flowers reach full maturity in about two months. Cosmos can be slower to germinate, but it blooms quickly after that and continues to flower through the fall. The flowers sit atop long slender stems and form a cloud of attractive color all summer that attracts bees, butterflies, and birds to your garden. Cosmos flowers look a lot like daisies. They come in a broad range of colors, with more cultivars developed every year. The leaves grow opposite on stems and are deeply lobed, pinnate, or bipinnate and feathery-looking depending on the type. If you plan to have cosmos and live in the southern U.S., consider keeping them as potted plants since they tend to be invasive there.

Common Name Cosmos, Mexican aster, cut-leaf cosmos
Botanical Name Cosmos sulphureus, Cosmos bipinnatus 
Family Asteraceae
Plant Type Annual
Mature Size 1-6 ft. tall, 1-3 ft. wide
Sun Exposure Full
Soil Type Well-draining soil
Soil pH 6.0–6.8 (Acidic)
Bloom Time Summer through fall
Flower Color Golden yellow, white, pink, magenta, orange, yellow, red, chocolate
Hardiness Zones 2–11 (USDA)
Native Area northern South America, Central America, and southern North America

Cosmos Care

Cosmos grow easily in beds and make great cut flowers. When established, the plants can handle drought, poor soil conditions, and general neglect. They even self-sow. This is a truly low-maintenance plant.

While some pests, like aphids, flea beetles, and thrips feed on cosmos, they're easy to control with a strong spray of water or insecticidal soap. Aster yellows, bacterial wilt, and powdery mildew may also affect cosmos. Space plants accordingly to ensure good airflow to avoid diseases.

Taller varieties look good in the middle or rear of the border with goat's beard, coneflowers, and black-eyed Susans. Shorter varieties make very colorful, airy edging plants.

Warning

Cosmos sulphureus is invasive in the southeast United States. Check with representatives from your local extension office to learn about any restrictions in your area.

​The Spruce / Letícia Almeida  Tim Bird / Getty Images  The Spruce / Letícia Almeida

Light

For the best flowering, choose a site that gets full sun. Cosmos will grow in partial shade but will have fewer blooms and be less vigorous when planted in shady areas. These plants will also thrive under uninterrupted full sun in the hottest conditions, much like their native habitat: the arid regions of Mexico and Central America.

Soil

Cosmos plants prefer a neutral soil with a pH of 6.0 to 8.0, although they will grow in poor soil where many flowering plants languish. They perform best in medium moisture, well-drained soils, but they will perform adequately in dry soils. Avoid planting in a rich soil; it can cause the plants to get too tall and flop over. You can prevent drooping by staking the plants or growing them close to other plants that can support them.

Water

Once established, you will not need to water your cosmos plants unless there is a prolonged drought. Where water is limited, these are the last plants that require irrigation.

Temperature and Humidity

Hot weather is ideal for cosmos, and they thrive in any humidity level.

Fertilizer

Fertilizing can negatively impact cosmos. Cosmos can handle poor soil. Too much fertilizer can often lead to strong plants with lots of foliage but few blooms. Unless your plants seem to be struggling, these plants do not need fertilizer.

Types of Cosmos

There are over 25 species of cosmos. However, three species are most commonly used in gardens and landscaping. Cosmos sulphureus is native to Mexico, Central America, and northern South America. With golden yellow blooms, it is very drought tolerant and loves hot weather. The plant grows 2 to 6 feet tall and comes in double and semi-double flowers. Some of the more recent cultivars tend to be shorter, more orangy, and with smaller flowers.

Cosmos bipinnatus are colorful daisy-like flowers that come in white, pinks, reds, and orange. At 1 to 4 feet in height, they are shorter than C. suphureus and are available in several popular hybrid series. Although they are not quite as heat tolerant as C. sulphureus, C. bipinnatus will grow well in just about any sunny space.

Chocolate cosmos are a separate species: Cosmos atrosanguineus. The dark red flowers smell like chocolate. This perennial is hardy to USDA zone 7, but it is higher maintenance than annual cosmos. Like dahlias, it grows from tubers.

Other common cosmos cultivars include:

The Spruce / Letícia Almeida Eva Lechner / Getty Images Suzanna Ruby / Getty Images

Pruning

The only real maintenance cosmos plants need is deadheading which will prolong the flowering season. If you fall behind, shear the plants by about one-third, when most flowers have faded. This kind of pruning produces a second flush of leaves and flowers. By the end of the season, you can cut off the plants at ground level or pull them up, roots and all. However, if you leave the plants in place, they may self-seed for the following growing season.

Propagating Cosmos

Cosmos plants readily self-seed. It's best to propagate these plants after the threat of frost is gone. Although sowing seeds is the best and easiest way to propagate this plant, you can also propagate via stem cutting. When you take stem trimmings, it stimulates more leaf and flower growth. Besides seed, stem cutting is the best way to propagate this plant. Here's how you do it:

  1. You'll need sterile pruning shears or scissors and a pot of sterile, well-draining potting soil.
  2. Fill a small 3-inch container with moistened potting soil. Using a pencil tip, push straight down in the soil about 1 to 2 inches deep, making a shallow hole.
  3. Look for a cosmos shoot that has 3 to 5 leaf nodes on the stem. Cut under the last leaf node. At the last leaf node, carefully cut off the leaves, leaving the node intact for new growth.
  4. Bury the cut tip of the stem in the pencil-made hole. Make sure that the last leaf node is above the soil line. Push down the soil around the stem, compacting the soil to keep the stem upright and in place.
  5. Water generously and keep moist. You should notice new leaf growth within three weeks. If you do, you can gently pull the root ball out of the container, Transplant the root ball to its new location.

How to Grow Cosmos From Seeds

Start seeds indoors, four to six weeks before the last frost. Or if you can sow cosmos outdoors directly in the garden well after the threat of frost is gone. Cosmos grow very quickly but can be killed by a late frost, so don't rush it. They typically germinate in 7 to 21 days at 75 degrees Fahrenheit, followed by flowering in about 50 to 60 days.

Loosen the soil to a depth of 8 inches. Plant the seeds and cover them with 1/4 inch of fine soil. Seed packets usually recommend precise spacing, such as at 2-foot intervals, or you can scatter the seeds and let the plants support each other as they grow. You can always thin them out later, moving the extra plants to another part of the garden.

Potting and Repotting Cosmos

When growing cosmos in pots, make sure the container has bottom drainage holes. Cosmos can't handle overly wet, soggy soil. Plan on growing one cosmos plant per gallon of your container. If growing in pots, do not enrich the soil, it makes the plants grow tall, leggy, and droopy. Also, tall varieties will need staking in containers. At the very least, plan on using at least a heavy, 12-inch diameter container.

Overwintering

Cosmos is an annual. If left outside in frosty temperatures, they will die. However, at the end of the growing season, if you allow the dead flower heads to drop their seeds, cosmos seeds will go dormant and sprout when the soil warms up again in the spring.

If you have a potted cosmos in a container and want to keep your cosmos alive over the winter season, you will need a bright full sun growing lamp for at least 7 hours a day. You will need to snip off any blooms as they form. This plant's life cycle ends with flowering when it drops its seeds for the next growing season.

How to Get Cosmos to Bloom

Cosmos plants need full sun to bloom. Even the hint of shade, can restrict flowering. Also, to encourage more blooms, you need to deadhead the old blooms. For faster blooms, prune between the main stem and a leaf. The lower you cut in the stem, the longer it takes to grow more flowers.

Common Problems With Cosmos

Cosmos are easy to grow and maintain over the growing season. They are usually resistant to disease, and most insects; however, some pests can become a nuisance and affect their growth.

Wilting or Leaf Discoloration

If your plant has ample water and is not wilting from a lack of hydration, there are two possible causes.

A plant that is wilting with leaf discoloration might have a common fusarium fungal infection. If you dig up the plant and notice a pink mass on the roots, then the plant likely has fusarium. The whole plant is beyond help, will die, and should be disposed of to stop the fungus spread.

If you dig up the roots and they look healthy, the plant may have a bacterial wilt infection. The bacteria cause the stems to wilt at their base. This plant will die and should be disposed of.

Yellowing Leaves and Leaf Drop

Powdery mildew mainly affects plants in the shade. Fungus spores fly through the air and attach to a host plant in a shady spot. It creates a powdery white coating on leaves and causes leaves to yellow and fall off. To prevent powdery mildew, provide your plants good circulation, bright light, and avoid getting water on the leaves. If your plant has fungus, use a horticultural fungicide according to the package instructions.

Flowers Distorting or Stunting in Growth

As a member of the aster family, cosmos can get aster yellows, a disease spread by leafhoppers (a tiny grasshopper-looking insect). The leaves will get yellow mottling on the leaves, and the flowers will appear distorted or stunted. Dispose of these plants since there is nothing you can do help them recover.

FAQ

Article Sources

The Spruce uses only high-quality sources, including peer-reviewed studies, to support the facts within our articles. Read our editorial process to learn more about how we fact-check and keep our content accurate, reliable, and trustworthy.

  1. Cosmos sulphureus Cav.sulphur cosmos. United States Department of Agriculture.

  2. Cosmos (Cosmos). Connecticut State Agricultural Experiment Station.

  3. Cosmos bipinnatus. Missouri Botanical Garden.

  4. Fusarium Wilts. Royal Horticulture Society.

  5. Diseases of Cosmos. National Gardening Association.

  6. Powdery Mildew. University of California Integrated Pest Management.

  7. Cosmos: Aster Yellows. University of Minnesota Extension.

How to Grow and Care for Cosmos Flowers

Cosmos spp.

Cosmos flowers are gorgeous ornamental plants that flourish in less than ideal conditions.

A boon to pollinators and other beneficial insects, these plants are a welcome addition to both the flower bed and the organic veggie garden.

If your garden universe doesn’t include this annual, perhaps it should! This easy-care plant thrives on sun and heat, offering glorious color in return.

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When I create my summer garden, I like to add elements that make it feel like a peaceful oasis and that are very low maintenance.

Cosmos flowers fit both of these requirements perfectly – they don’t require much care, but wow, do they ever make the garden feel like a haven of life and beauty!

In fact, one of my favorite ways to relax on summer days is to watch bees, butterflies, and even hummingbirds foraging from the showy blooms on my cosmos plants.

Sweetening the deal, these gorgeous flowers produce loads of blooms from early summer all the way up until the first fall frost.

In this article you’ll learn everything you’ll need to know to grow these lovely flowers – so that, if you choose, they can become one of your summer highlights too.

Here’s what we’ll cover:

What You’ll Learn

What Are Cosmos?

Cosmos are herbaceous plants cultivated for their gorgeous flowers. They’re most often grown as summer annuals.

These flowers are available in a wide assortment of cultivars comprising many different colors and featuring different types of blooms.

Blooms are held on tall, branching stems, while flowers have petals in shades of pink, purple, white, lavender, red, orange, or yellow, as well as bicolors, which are beautifully spaced around a central disk.

Of the 20 or so species in the Cosmos genus, two of these are commonly grown in home gardens.

C. bipinnatus. Photo by Lorna Kring.

C. bipinnatus, also known as “garden cosmos,” is most often sold in a mix of white, pink, purple, and burgundy. The foliage is delicate and wispy, and bloom colors tend toward cool shades.

C. sulphureus, also known as “sulfur cosmos,” comes in warm shades of yellow, orange, and red and has foliage that you might mistake for marigold or chrysanthemum leaves.

C. sulphureus.

A third species that is somewhat less common in the garden landscape is C. atrosanguineus, also known as “chocolate cosmos.”

You’ll learn more about these species and their cultivars – as well as some tips on where to purchase them – later in this article, so keep reading!

Cultivation and History

Plants in the Cosmos genus are native to the Americas, ranging from Washington State in the Pacific Northwest of the United States all the way to South America.

However, the three species most commonly cultivated in gardens are all native to Central America.

These plants belong to the huge Asteraceae family, and are related to other garden beauties such as coneflowers, dahlias, and marigolds.

The genus Cosmos takes its name from the Greek word “kosmos,” a word with many different translations, ranging from “adornment” to “universe.” In the case of this flower, the word is best translated as something akin to “beauty.”

These lovely flowers have been used and enjoyed by humans for many centuries, if not longer.

According to T. K. Lim, author of “Edible Medicinal and Non-Medicinal Plants,” Volume 7, which is available on Amazon, pre-Columbian civilizations in Latin America used the orange or yellow flowers of C. sulphureus to produce dye.

Later, explorers imported cosmos seeds into Spain, and in the late 1700s, botanist Casimiro Gomez de Ortega brought C. bipinnatus from Spain to England.

Although they are most commonly referred to by their genus name, these flowers are also known by the common name “Mexican asters.”

In most parts of the United States, Mexican asters are considered annuals, though gardeners in USDA Hardiness Zones 9 and 10 can treat them as perennials.

Propagation

You can propagate garden and sulfur cosmos by sowing them directly into the soil, or by starting them indoors and transplanting out the seedlings. For chocolate cosmos, the most reliable propagation method is to divide tubers.

Outdoors from Seed

Garden and sulfur cosmos are extremely easy to grow from seed, so if you are a beginning gardener (or just revisiting some of the basics) these are excellent flowers to start with.

In fact, these seeds germinate so easily that they tend to self-sow, growing back from seed year after year, and they are known for becoming a bit weedy.

(However, I must point out that a plant’s status as a “weed” is entirely up to one’s point of view. I look at cosmos volunteers not as “weeds” but as welcome “bonus” blooms.)

Does it sound like I’m digressing? I’m trying to make a point about growing these flowers from seed, and you’ll see where I’m going in just a moment, so bear with me…

Before you start sowing, you’ll want to know the best time to plant these seeds.

And now we’re coming to the point. Every other source you consult will most likely recommend waiting to sow cosmos seeds until after the last average spring frost for your location.

However, I’m not one to follow horticultural advice to the letter while ignoring what’s transpiring in my own garden, or the veggie plots and flower beds of many other gardeners.

The number of volunteer cosmos seedlings that sprout before the last spring frost every year and survive to brandish their glory throughout the summer are proof that waiting may not be necessary.

Taking a cue from what was happening among my volunteers, lately I have started sowing these seeds in early spring along with my cool-weather crops, just to see what would happen.

As I suspected – and much to my delight! – my early-spring-sown seedlings survive light frosts, providing me with early summer blooms, a valuable asset in my region where the growing season is short.

I’ll admit, though, that I consider this approach to sowing warm-season flowers to be an experiment.

So if you want to play it safe, wait until one to two weeks after your last average frost date when the temperature of your soil has reached at least 60 or 70°F.

If you’re willing to take a risk, try planting some of these at the same time as your spring garden seeds. You can always use floating row covers to protect the seedlings if your weather forecast predicts a hard freeze.

When you’re ready to sow, prepare your beds by mixing in some compost, push aside a little soil to use for covering the seeds, then smooth the soil down so it’s level.

Water the soil in with a gardening wand so the soil surface is moist.

Place a group of three seeds every nine to 12 inches, then cover them very lightly with soil. The seeds should only be covered by about 1/16th of an inch.

Expect seedlings to emerge in five to 21 days after sowing.

While the seeds are germinating, keep the soil moist, watering daily if needed.

Taper off the frequency of your watering as the seedlings that sprout become established. You’ll learn more about how often to water established plants later in this article.

When the seedlings are a couple of inches tall, thin them so you have only one every nine to 12 inches.

Those of us in colder zones where the ground stays frozen throughout winter might also try pre-seeding our gardens with cosmos seeds in the fall or sowing them in the winter so they come up the following spring.

Both of these methods will expose young seedlings to early spring frosts, so keep your row covers at the ready in case any hard frosts are forecasted.

Indoors from Seed

If the early sowing method I just described sounds a little too risky for your taste but you still want to get a head start on summer, you can sow these seeds indoors and then transplant them out after your last spring frost.

You’ll want to get the timing right when using this method so you don’t end up with plants that are too big to manage indoors when the weather is still frigid outside.

Plan to sow seeds indoors four to six weeks before your last average frost date.

For indoor sowing, you’ll need a sterile seed-starting medium, two-inch pots or six-celled seed starter trays, a spray bottle, and of course, seeds for the varieties of your choice. You may also want to use a grow light and a heat mat.

Fill the pots or cells with growing medium, leaving about half an inch to an inch of space between the surface of the soil and the rim of the pot. This way, you’ll have room to water without spilling soil over the edge.

Spray the growing medium with water to moisten it without allowing it to become soggy. Place one to three seeds in the center of the pot or in each cell, cover them very lightly with soil, then spray the surface of the soil with the water bottle.

If you have a very bright south-facing window, you can grow your seedlings next to this light source. Alternatively, you may want to consider using grow lights, which will give the seedlings the light they need and prevent them from becoming leggy.

If using sunlight as a light source, rotate the pots daily to prevent lopsided growth.

Keep the surface of the soil moist, watering daily with your spray bottle if needed.

Ideally, keep the seeds warm while they’re germinating, at a temperature of at least 60°F.

Jump Start Heat Mat

To keep them warm, try using a heat mat, such as the Jump Start heat mat, available for purchase in a few different sizes on Amazon.

Look for seedlings to emerge anywhere from five days after sowing up to 21 days.

Once the seedlings size up and when the soil begins to dry out more quickly, switch from watering with a spray bottle to using a houseplant-adapted watering can, which will provide good control over where the water flows.

If more than one seedling has germinated in each pot or cell, thin the weakest-looking seedlings by snipping them off with a pair of scissors.

You can transplant the seedlings one to two weeks after the last frost, but be sure to check your weather forecast first for any dips in the temperature.

While direct-sown seeds may have some resistance to light frosts, don’t count on that protection for seedlings grown indoors. These hothouse flowers will be much more vulnerable and not yet able to put up with extreme weather fluctuations.

Harden seedlings off before transplanting to help them build up some resilience.

You can find guidance on hardening off and planting transplants in our complete guide to starting annuals indoors.

From Division

Propagation via division is only appropriate to use for C. atrosanguineus, the species commonly called “chocolate cosmos,” which doesn’t grow reliably from seed.

To divide this species, you can follow the same procedure as you would for dividing perennials.

You can learn more about the propagation of C. atrosanguineus, as well as specific growing and care recommendations, in our complete guide to growing chocolate cosmos. (coming soon!)

How to Grow

This summer annual is easy to grow and doesn’t require any coddling. In fact, giving it too much love might cause problems.

Here’s what you need to know in order to provide these flowers with the best possible care:

Sun

These plants should be grown in full sun. That’s to say, they should receive at least six to eight hours of direct sunlight.

If summer heat is extreme in your location, a bit of shade can help, particularly afternoon shade. Just make sure that they get their full quota of sunlight.

Water

When seedlings are young, they will require more frequent watering.

However, once plants are established, they have only moderate water needs, with sulfur cosmos requiring even less water than other varieties.

In fact, overwatering can result in plants with fewer blooms.

So when it comes to irrigating these flowers, water infrequently but deeply, preferably showering the surface of the soil rather than the tops of the plants in the absence of rain.

These annuals are fairly drought tolerant, but during hot summer weather, look for wilting as a sign to increase watering.

Soil

These low-maintenance plants grow best in sandy or loamy soil with a pH ranging between 6.0 and 8.0. The soil should have excellent drainage.

Overly rich soil can cause plants to become leggy and droop over, so this is truly a case where too much love won’t win you any favors.

Growing Tips

Pruning and Maintenance

Cosmos plants require very little maintenance, especially if you don’t mind seeing dead flower heads mixed in among the blooms. Here’s what you need to know:

Weeding

While young plants are getting established, weeding around the small fern-like seedlings can help so they won’t be crowded out.

If weeding seems to take up too much of your gardening time, be sure to read our article on how to spend less time weeding.

However, keep in mind that once cosmos are well-established, they won’t be impacted as much by neighboring weeds.

Fertilizing

Fertilizing is another point where too much love can cause problems for these members of the aster family.

Giving them too much help in the way of fertilizer can make them overly tall and lanky.

Instead of fertilizing them during the growing season, just mix some compost into the soil before you sow your seeds or set in your transplants, and your fertilizing is done!

If you offer these plants nothing but compost, they’ll be fine. But if you introduce any other amendments, be aware that fertilizers heavy in the plant nutrient nitrogen will encourage the production of foliage, but not flowers.

Mulching

Mulching around these annuals will help prevent water loss from the soil and extend the time in between watering visits.

Place mulch about two to three inches thick, taking care to leave a couple of inches bare around the stems of these plants, to avoid creating conditions where fungal pathogens could flourish.

And when it comes to mulch, think beyond wood chips and pine straw – there are many other options you can use to cover the soil. Check out our article on mulching to learn more.

Pruning

Cosmos don’t require pruning, so if you are taking a low-maintenance gardening approach like I am, you can skip this part.

However, if you prefer the look of smaller, bushier plants, these can be cut back to a third of their height in midsummer. Just be sure to use sterilized garden pruners to avoid unintentionally spreading disease between plants.

Another reason you might want to do a bit of pruning is if you want to keep spent flower heads off of your plants.

Cosmos seed head.

Personally, I love seeing these plants with flowers at all stages of their development – new buds, opening blooms, glorious flowers, and fading petals, finally turning into seed heads.

However, if you don’t like seeing the spent heads or want to prevent re-seeding, you can deadhead them by snipping the faded blooms off with a pair of scissors or garden snips.

Staking

When grown densely in mass plantings, these annuals won’t need any help staying upright – each flower’s neighbors will provide structural support to help keep it from leaning.

However, if your plantings aren’t quite dense enough to offer structural support, you may want to consider staking these plants.

It’s best to provide support before the plants are eight to 10 inches tall, so you don’t damage their root systems when inserting stakes into the ground.

If you only have a few cosmos plants, you can support each one individually with a bamboo stake and some twine.

However, if you have a large planting of these flowers, you may want to use a staking system similar to that used for tomatoes, such as the Florida weave.

You can read our article to learn how to create your own Florida weave.

Species and Cultivars to Select

As mentioned earlier, there are three main species of Cosmos available to gardeners. We’ll look at the features of each of these, consider their differences, and explore a few cultivars of interest.

Atrosanguineus

Commonly known as “chocolate cosmos,” C. atrosanguineus is a species native to Mexico that has dark, brownish-red blooms with even darker centers.

True to their common name – yes, it’s true! – these one-and-a-half-inch flowers have a chocolatey fragrance. Blooms are single, making them friendly to pollinators.

C. atrosanguineus.

The leaves are small and lance shaped, and the flowers are held on long stems above the foliage, making them wonderful for cut arrangements.

These plants have a mounding growth habit, growing up to 30 inches tall with an 18-inch spread.

Since most varieties of this species don’t have seeds that will germinate reliably, they are typically grown from tubers instead.

C. atrosanguineus is often grown as an annual in Zones 2 to 6, but the tubers can be lifted and stored like dahlias for the winter.

Grown as a perennial in Zones 9 to 11, C. atrosanguineus sometimes survives the winter in Zones 7 and 8 too, if well-mulched.

If you decide to try growing this species from seed, look for the ‘Black Magic’ cultivar. It has viable seeds, but you should expect very low germination rates nonetheless.

Better yet, purchase tubers or live plants to ensure your success.

‘Choca Mocha’ is a petite cultivar of C. atrosanguineus that grows up to 12 inches tall and wide.

‘Choca Mocha’ Live Plant

You can purchase a live plant ready to transplant into your garden via Burpee.

Bipinnatus

C. bipinnatus is the flower most gardeners tend to think of when they hear the word “cosmos.”

Often referred to as “garden cosmos,” this native of Mexico has wispy, threadlike foliage and flower heads that are two to six inches wide.

Cultivars of this species are available in a huge range of cool-toned colors, including shades of pink, purple, burgundy, yellow, and white.

C. bipinnatus. Photo by Lorna Kring.

In addition to this wide range of hues, some intriguing varieties are even bicolored.

Some cultivars have single flowers with wide open petals, while others bear frilly, semi-double flowers, and still others have deeply ruffled double blooms. All of them are magnificent in cut flower arrangements.

Depending on the variety, plants can grow up to six feet tall.

One of my favorite varieties of C. bipinnatus is ‘Versailles Tetra Red.’ This burgundy-hued cultivar reaches up to four feet tall and has two-and-a-half-inch blooms.

‘Versailles Tetra Red’

You can purchase ‘Versailles Tetra Red’ in packages with enough seeds to cover 80 square feet at Eden Brothers.

Sulphureus

C. sulphureus has a widespread native range across Central America.

Commonly known as “sulfur cosmos,” these usually grow one to three feet tall with a two- to three-foot spread, but some varieties can reach six feet tall.

Blooms are two to three inches wide in shades of red, yellow, gold, and orange. And like milkweed, they attract monarch butterflies.

C. sulphureus.

Compared to C. bipinnatus and C. atrosanguineus, sulfur cosmos have shorter stems, making them less desirable as cut flowers.

The branching stems have an open, sprawling growth habit and foliage is green with leaves that are four to eight inches long.

Also known as “yellow cosmos” and “klondike cosmos” the leaves of these plants look similar to marigold or chrysanthemum foliage, and they are not as wispy as the leaves of C. bipinnatus.

‘Diablo’ is a fiery cultivar of C. sulphureus that bears bright, one- to one-and-a-half-inch, reddish-orange blooms on four- to five-foot plants.

An outstanding cultivar, ‘Diablo’ won an All-America Selections award in 1974.

‘Diablo’

If you’d like to add this warm-hued cosmos variety to your garden, you can find ‘Diablo’ in packets of sixty seeds from Botanical Interests.

Want More Options?

This selection of varieties is really just scratching the surface of the myriad of options available. If you’d like to explore more wonderful cultivars, make sure to check out our supplemental guide to 25 of the best cosmos flower cultivars to plant at home.

Also be sure to check out our guide to harvesting and saving cosmos seeds.

Managing Pests and Disease

One of the best features of resilient cosmos plants is that they aren’t often troubled by pests or diseases. You can also count them among the many deer-resistant landscaping options you might want to consider.

Here’s a look at some of the pests and ailments you are most likely to encounter:

Pests

Mexican asters are generally pest free, and you are not likely to encounter a problem. However, it’s always good to know what to be on the lookout for in case pests do move into your flower patch.

Aphids

If you notice ants crawling all over your cosmos flowers, take a closer look and see if you spot any aphids as well.

While the activity of the ants will be fairly obvious, the aphids may be harder to spot. Ants collect honeydew from aphids, which is why you might find both insects living on your plants.

Check stems and the undersides of leaves for aphid populations.

Luckily, cosmos also attract beneficial insects such as green lacewings, whose larvae are voracious predators of aphids.

Make sure you know how to recognize beneficials like green lacewings, so you don’t mistake them for problem insects.

If your garden is lacking in beneficial insects, you can purchase green lacewing eggs to help control an aphid infestation. Once the eggs hatch, the larvae will begin to feed on soft-bodied insects such as aphids.

Green Lacewing Eggs

You can find green lacewing eggs for purchase in a selection of different quantities from Arbico Organics.

When using beneficial insects as a biological control, be sure you aren’t defeating the purpose of your efforts by applying broad range pesticides.

Want to learn more about deterring and eliminating these pests? Check out our complete guide to controlling aphid infestations.

Spider Mites

If you notice yellow stippling of your plant’s foliage, check the undersides of the leaves – your plants might have spider mites.

When infestations are severe, you might also notice webbing around the foliage.

These small arachnids suck nutrients from plants and can cause stunting.

You have many options for dealing with such an infestation – learn more about detecting and controlling spider mites in our article.

Thrips

You’ll be most likely to see thrips feeding on flowers rather than foliage.

Thrips feed on a flower.

These insects are so small that you’ll need a hand lens to properly identify them.

While thrips won’t cause much direct damage to your plants, they can transmit viruses which can cause a lot of harm.

Learn more about identifying and controlling thrips in our guide.

Disease

You aren’t likely to find signs of disease among your cosmos, but in the rare event that you do, here are some the most likely problems you might encounter:

Aster Yellows

If your cosmos are infected with aster yellows, you’ll most likely notice deformed flower heads on your plants.

These deformations are caused by phytoplasmas spread by an insect, the aster leafhopper.

Since the only cure for aster yellows is prevention, it can be helpful to know what to look for and what steps to take to prevent it.

To learn how to prevent this disease as well as how to manage an existing infection, check out our article on aster yellows.

Powdery Mildew

Have you noticed large white or gray patches on the foliage? If so, powdery mildew may be to blame.

While patches of mildew on leaf tops are the first sign, affected leaves will eventually turn brown and shrivel up.

Risk of encountering this fungal disease is highest when the weather is humid at night and less so during the day. If you live in a humid climate, you can help prevent this disease by ensuring there is adequate airflow around your plants.

If infection has already set in, remove any infected leaves and dispose of them to prevent further spread.

Read our article to learn more about how to prevent powdery mildew, as well as how to and treat it using natural, homemade remedies.

Smut

Smut, another fungal disease, can make itself known in your ornamentals with the appearance of small yellow spots on foliage.

These spots will develop into pustules that eventually rupture, spreading fungal spores.

Smut is best prevented through good gardening habits such as allowing adequate spacing between plants, watering the soil surface instead of showering the tops of plants, and taking care to sanitize garden tools between uses.

You can learn more about smut in our article.

Best Uses

Cosmos can be used in the landscape in countless ways.

Use them as part of your landscaping plan for a tall, wispy floral accent or create mass plantings for a strong visual statement.

In mixed flower beds, plant tall varieties at the back of borders or as a central focal point, and use smaller varieties in the midground or foreground.

Photo by Lorna Kring.

Taller varieties can also be used to create a vegetative screen.

For planters and containers, make sure to use dwarf varieties since full-sized specimens will crowd out the other plants, and their roots will dominate available soil.

Since they are easy to grow, these are a great option for children’s gardens, and they are also a welcome addition to butterfly gardens or cut flower gardens.

In the veggie garden, cosmos make valuable insectary plants to attract beneficial insects such as bees, predatory wasps, and hoverflies – and they can be grown as companion plants among vegetable crops such as artichokes, cabbage, or kale.

Blooming right up until the first frost, and sometimes longer, these flowers are excellent for late summer color.

Quick Reference Growing Guide

Plant Type:Herbaceous flowering annualFlower/Foliage Color:White, red, pink, purple, yellow, orange/green
Native to:Central AmericaMaintenance:Low
Hardiness (USDA Zone):2-11 (some varieties perennial in 9-11)Tolerance:Moderate drought tolerance when mature
Bloom Time:Summer to fallSoil Type:Sand or loam
Exposure:Full sunSoil pH:6. 0-8.0
Time to Maturity:60-90 days, depending on varietySoil Drainage:Well-draining
Spacing:9-12 inchesCompanion Planting:Black-eyed Susans, coneflowers, dahlias, hollyhocks, marigolds, ornamental grasses, sweet peas, zinnias
Planting Depth:1/16 inch (seeds), depth of root ball (transplants)Uses:Butterfly gardens, children’s gardens, companion planting, cut flower gardens, insectaries, mass plantings, meadows, ornamental landscaping, pollinator gardens, vegetative screens
Height:1-6 feetAttracts:Bees, birds, butterflies, hoverflies, wasps
Spread:1-3 feetFamily:Asteraceae
Water Needs:ModerateGenus:Cosmos
Pests & Diseases:Aphids, four-lined plant bugs, Japanese beetles, spider mites, stalk borers, thrips; Aster yellows, bacterial wilt, botrytis blight, leaf spot, powdery mildew, smutSpecies:Atrosanguineus, bipinnatus, sulphureus

A Vision of Universal Beauty

We’ve covered all the basics of growing beautiful cosmos flowers, so how about a quick recap?

Grow these lovelies in full sun and in well-draining soil, water them judiciously, don’t over-fertilize – and be sure to take advantage of the many options available when growing cosmos from seed!

Are cosmos growing in your garden? Tell us about your experience with this flowering favorite in the comments section below.

And to learn about other annual flowers for your garden, check out these articles next:

Cosmos, or Cosmos flower: photo, cultivation and care

Cosmos, or Cosmos flower: description and photo

KOSMEYA (Cosmos) - the name of a widespread garden annual from the Astrov family, which is often called Cosmos, Beauty. His homeland is Mexico, Brazil and all of Central America. Plant this sunny and spectacular beauty, your garden will change, become bright and elegant. With proper care, the kosmeya will thank with magnificent lush flowering. nine0007

Previously, this plant was not mistaken for a flower, but thanks to the work of breeders, new varieties of cosmea have been bred, which now adorn our gardens and delight with their bright and delicate flowers almost all summer. The fruit is an elongated achene without a tuft.

The people called kosmeya "disheveled young lady" because of the thin foliage, reminiscent of tangled curls. A photo of cosmea will allow you to appreciate the beauty and breadth of the use of a flower in garden design.

Basically the two most popular types :

Cosmea of ​​the first species - a plant 60-120 cm high. It has a strongly branched stem, densely covered with openwork filiform leaves, and large (12 cm in diameter) white, pink, dark cherry flowers, very similar to the well-known chamomile.

There are very interesting varieties of double pinnate cosmea :

Sulfur-yellow kosmeya is a short (40-70 cm) and heat-loving plant. It has wider leaves, and the flowers themselves are painted in different warm tones of yellow, bright orange and red. They bloom a little later (in the month of July) than the flowers of double-pinnate cosmea.

nine0004 Flower lovers are well aware of the space varieties with orange coloration :

How to properly care for the beautiful cosmea?

Beauty Kosmeya is thermophilic and loves a sunny location. Even in a light shade, its stems stretch out, more leaves grow on them, but the buds are tied much less. Cosmea flowers are cold-resistant and able to bloom until the first frost. nine0007

The plant is endowed with a unique ability - to fully grow and bloom profusely in any soil, in whatever it is sown, but prefers loose, permeable soils rich in humus. It is desirable to land it on quiet and protected areas from strong winds.

Watering the plant is necessary only when the soil dries up and at the beginning of active growth. Fertilizers are not so important. For example, fertilizing with a high nitrogen content can only harm - the plant will stretch and it will be difficult to set seeds. nine0007

Cosmea is resistant to many diseases and pests. In wet summers, it can suffer from snails and slugs. To combat them, you can set traps, collect by hand, or use chemicals that are sold in a sufficient range in specialized stores.

Withered flowers should be removed in a timely manner to preserve the decorative effect, prolong the overall flowering and save the flower garden from self-sowing next year. High single specimens are tied to a strong support so that they do not break. In addition, the bushes can be trimmed and shaped in the form of a ball, pyramid, cube. nine0007

In autumn, after the first frosts, the stems are cut and put into compost. The roots will rot over the winter and turn into excellent fertilizer.

Propagation of cosmos (growing from seeds)

Cosmea can be grown from seeds and seedlings. It is better to buy seeds fresh at the end of winter, in the future you can use your own. Sowing in a flower garden should be carried out in spring (April-May) in deeply cultivated land. Traditionally, the seeds are lightly pressed to the soil, watered and sprinkled with a small amount of earth. In warm weather, seedlings will appear after 1-2 weeks. As soon as the seedlings reach 5-10 cm, thin them out, remove the weak ones, and leave the distance between the specimens up to 40 cm, given the height of the variety. It is advisable to pinch the tops of plants that have reached 40-50 cm. This procedure will lead to an increase in bushiness and the appearance of new numerous buds. nine0007

If you decide to grow a cosmea flower from seedlings, do not buy very elongated and poorly branched plants. Seedlings should be compact with a well-developed root system. Cosmea grown indoors will delight with flowers much earlier.

Use of cosmea in the garden.

A sunny flower bed for a beauty is an ideal place in any garden. Cosmos flowers are suitable for filling voids in flower beds where perennials are planted: panicled phlox (Ph. paniculata), monarda (Monarda). It looks great in plantings with other annual plants: prickly cleoma (C. spinosa), verbena (V. bonariensis). Harmoniously combined with flowers of similar color: Chernobrivtsy ((Tagetes), calendula (Calendula), sunflower (H. annuus), round-leaved titonia (T. rotundifolia), as well as with perennial gelenium (Helenium) and hairy rudbeckia (R. hirta). Cosmea is also good as background plantings along fences.0007

In addition, cosmea can also be grown in container containers on the balcony. To do this, it is necessary to provide the flower with sufficient watering and the necessary top dressing. This cosmic flower is beautiful in bouquets, the main thing is to put some sugar in the flowerpot, it can prolong the life of the flowers by 3-4 days.

Flower horoscope by date of birth

Did you know that there is a flower horoscope by birthday? Having studied the Korean flower horoscope by date of birth and the Celtic horoscope of flowers, we made a big guide with dates and flower names. nine0007

How does the female flower horoscope work? Please note: the whole year is divided into small intervals, approximately 10 days each. The flower horoscope assigns one or another flower name to each of them by date of birth. Look for your date and determine what kind of flower you are according to the flower horoscope - peony, gladiolus or poppy. The flower horoscope also works according to the zodiac sign: using everything that is stated below, you can find out what the flower horoscope has prepared for someone whose sign is scorpio, libra, or, for example, capricorn. nine0007

After you find out exactly what the daily flower horoscope has prepared for you, you will be able to determine the very flower that reflects your personality. If possible, then you can grow such a flower at home on the windowsill or in the garden, in addition, you can wear a brooch, earrings and other jewelry with your charm flower.

Some people were so impressed by the flower horoscope that they wrote it down in verse - our version is much more common, but carries all the necessary information. By the way, such a system remains unchanged from year to year, and therefore the flower horoscope for 2022 will be the same as for all previous years. nine0007

Flowers of Spring

Poppy March 1-10

Beware, a dangerous moment: it is absolutely impossible to resist the charm of the poppy lady, but you should not entrust your own fate to her - at least not right away. The flower horoscope for women assures us that Mac is usually all so mysterious and contradictory - she herself does not know what she wants and does not seek to find out: it will be just as uninteresting!

Lily March 11-20

If a flower female horoscope by name existed, then the name Lily would definitely be in it. A mysterious nature that can bewitch anyone with one or two casually thrown phrases. The true thoughts and feelings of Lilia remain a mystery even to the closest people, and all that remains for them is to think and draw conclusions, and, as a rule, false ones. Which amuses Lilia immensely, if you know what we mean. nine0007

Digitalis March 21-31

Monthly flower horoscope includes three flowers for each month. The end of March is associated with digitalis. An athlete, a Komsomol member and just a beauty. A determined and uncompromising young lady who would be an excellent leader if she did not take on too much responsibility for those she leads. But without this ballast, Foxglove flies up at supersonic speed, simultaneously sweeping away any troubles in life with a slight movement of the hand. nine0007


Magnolia April 1-10

The flower horoscope for April starts with Magnolia. An unusually spectacular young lady who, like air, needs the attention of others. From the outside it seems very frivolous, a series of short novels and endless parties strengthen those around them in this opinion. While Magnolia, like a gray cardinal, imperceptibly imposes her own will on those around her.

Hydrangea April 11-20

The flower horoscope connects this period of the year with Hydrangea. From the outside it seems that Hortense is a real extrovert. "Let's get drunk!" is her life motto. But all these people who constantly revolve around Hortense in no way violate her inner loneliness. Which suits her perfectly: Hortense likes to think good things about people, but she doesn’t like being disappointed at all. Therefore, she only lets the chosen ones close. Well, or no one. nine0007

Dahlia April 21-30

Druid flower horoscope by date of birth associates this period with Dahlia. And that's what corresponds to this flower. Young Lady Dahlia seems contradictory to many, and even hypocritical to some, but in fact she is just a multifaceted nature. At the same time, she is crystal-clear and very modest, by the way. Well, it’s not her fault that the kingdom is not enough and there is nowhere to turn around, it’s not her fault.

Lily of the valley May 1-10

Dreamer and dreamer who prefers to spend most of her life in Inner Mongolia, inhabited by tame rabbits and unicorns. The horoscope of flowers by date of birth, which is very easy to calculate, assures that Lily of the Valley prefers to observe real life from afar, but not to participate. What for? They themselves will come - they will give everything themselves. And, interestingly, they come and give. nine0007

Purslane May 11-20

Purslane, without which the flower horoscope by date of birth would be incomplete, is not the most common flower. And the woman he corresponds to is also not quite ordinary. A pessimist with an explosive character: she constantly expects some kind of trick from life, therefore she prefers to beat to defeat in advance - rather, before it starts! Thus, nothing usually starts, because Portulak has all the moves written down, and in any situation there is not only a plan "B", but also a plan "C", a plan "G", and all the other letters. nine0007

Chamomile May 21-31

Chamomile is one of the cutest flowers that the Druid flower horoscope contains. Holy simplicity: a charming, ingenuous and unusually sweet young lady, slightly absent-minded, non-punctual and very naive. Allegedly. In fact, she is a quiet pool inhabited by devils with halos: Chamomile only pretends to be holy simplicity, but not in order to harm someone, but out of love for art.

Summer flowers

Bluebell June 1-10

The Korean flower horoscope places the bluebell in the first month of summer. And this is a very interesting example. A very conservative young lady: she hates any changes and does not at all strive to learn and try something new. He tries once and for all to choose a home, a business and a loved one. And then, with incredible enthusiasm and enviable perseverance, he begins to improve all this and bring it to an unattainable ideal. And she succeeds, which is interesting. nine0007

Daisy June 11-21

If women were called as the flower horoscope says by name, then everything that was born during this period would bear the name Margarita. A friendly and serene shy girl who wouldn't hurt a fly and, moreover, knows how to see something good in everyone. Very responsive and kind, and generally a cute cat. So cute that scoundrels of all stripes try to stay away from her: she poisons the atmosphere for them with her benevolence.

Tulip June 22 - July 1

Flower horoscope starts July with Tulip. A fantastically lucky young lady: she never refuses herself anything, but at the same time she manages to deftly avoid any blows of fate. He never gets tired of extreme sports, and therefore he creates a family late, but always successfully. Tulip's children live serenely until they become parents themselves: Grandma Tulip is able to take her grandchildren for the weekend and ride around the world with them. So what?!

Water lily July 2-12

Another summer flower. If you focus on the flower horoscope by date of birth, then those whose date of birth falls on this period should be close to this very feminine flower. The Water Lily has a light character: she is sure that everything will be fine, does not worry about failures and does not drag a load of disappointments along her life. At the same time, she is also disinterested, which is why people around her love to use the Water Lily as a vest that can absorb a bottomless sea of ​​tears. Which, however, does not bother her at all, because Water Lily sincerely loves people. She's just a saint, that's what. nine0007

Violet July 13-23

Violet, if you study the flower horoscope according to the zodiac sign, can protect both crayfish and lions. Harmonious personality: firm in convictions, but not aggressive; friendly, but not trusting beyond measure; talented, but not prone to creative crises; demanding, but not boring; honest and principled, but will not broadcast from an armored car. In general, a pioneer is an example for all the guys.

Rosehip July 24-August 2

The flower horoscope does not help calculate compatibility, it can only determine which flower suits you. Stubborn, uncompromising and aggressive thorn - outwardly. Inside, there is a sensitive and vulnerable flower. All she needs is peace and freedom, and no one touching her cookies. Then the wild rose becomes tender, caring and even flexible. nine0007

Sunflower August 3-12

A bulletproof flower that can grow not only through asphalt, but also through a titanium plate. The flower horoscope of the Druids by date of birth connects the Sunflower with people born in the sunniest period. The sunflower will find its place under the sun under any conditions and will not lose vitality in any situation. The main thing is that those around her appreciate her. In a sense, praised.

Rosa August 13-23

Queen of flowers - here the flower horoscope cannot be wrong. She is confident in her own uniqueness and that others should treat her with due respect. Rosa really has a lot of merits, but she seeks to exaggerate them. Well, just in case. She would be absolutely unbearable if she did not know how to be sincerely grateful. She can. And in such a way that everyone around is trying to do her a favor: it will be credited to them with incredibly generous interest.

Delphinium August 24-September 2

The flower horoscope does not forget about this amazing flower. She is unusually demanding of others and indulgent towards herself, her beloved: she sincerely suffers, observing the imperfection of this world, while not paying attention to her own shortcomings, because it will do, you think. On the other hand, Delphinium has only one really serious drawback - laziness. And at the moment when she is not too lazy to do anything, she moves mountains with one left, because she is very smart and talented. Due to which, by the way, she manages to masterfully imitate violent activity when she is again lazy to do something. nine0007

Autumn flowers

Carnation September 3-11

Truth-seeker and fighter for justice. In the flower horoscope, the carnation practically opens autumn. She does not hesitate to say what she thinks in her eyes, and is not afraid to seem harsh. The problem is that Gvozdika always thinks the same thing, because she measures those around her with her own yardstick. The fact that all people are different does not fit in her bright, in general, head. Fortunately, Carnation usually finds a person who fully and completely shares her life values, and ceases to do good and benefit others. nine0007

Astra September 12-22

The most autumn flower, which takes pride of place in the flower horoscope. Bright and charismatic personality with an amazing sense of humor. Even 5 minutes of communication with Astra will charge anyone with vital energy for the week ahead. Astra shares her excess of vitality with pleasure with those around her, because she, in fact, has nothing to spend this very excess on: in her life there are no extra things, extra things and extra people. She gets rid of life's garbage easily and without regrets. nine0007

Heather September 23-October 3

Not exactly a flower, more like grass, but Heather is also present in the horoscope of flowers. Walking encyclopedia. She is very smart and erudite, but at the same time she is terribly afraid of losing control over herself and violating her ideal life order. At the same time, Veresk is prone to reflection, so she usually directs her destructive passion for total control in a safe direction: to work, for example. Thank you for not being on those around you.

Camellia October 4-13

The flower horoscope puts Camellia in the middle of autumn. A brave heart, a rich imagination, a passion for adventure and incredible artistry - this explosive cocktail could bring Camellia to trouble if she did not know how to correctly calculate her strength. But luckily she can. Therefore, everyone envy her: it seems to those around her that the blessings of life themselves fall into her hands, in a beautiful wrapper, moreover. Which, of course, is not true. Benefits may fall, but Camellia brings beauty herself. This is actually her favorite pastime, by the way. nine0007

Lilac October 14-23

Why lilac if it's autumn outside? We will have to take these flower horoscope quirks for granted. An amorous and windy young lady who changes fans like gloves. Some people think that Lilac is infantile - she looks at life through the eyes of a child and expects from her only an endless holiday with cotton candy and carousels. In fact, Lilac simply knows how not to attach any importance to life's troubles. Think! Tomorrow, a truck with gingerbread will overturn on her street anyway! nine0007

Freesia October 24-November 2

Flower horoscope for November opens with freesia. Freesia is a virtuoso manipulator and puppeteer. Someone else's will for her is plasticine, from which she molds what her darling wants. And she usually likes to win and be on a horse in any situation. It is useless to fight with Freesia - he will bite off his head and will not ask for his last name. Loving Freesia is difficult: her true feelings are a mystery behind seven seals. It is unbearable to be friends with her, because Freesia believes that there are two opinions: hers and the wrong one. It is best to become the object of her love: then you will have a sky in diamonds and other goodies. nine0007

Orchid November 3-12

The flower horoscope did not forget about the quivering orchid either. A young lady with mystical thinking: she sees signs, lessons of fate and magical omens in everything.

Read also: Druid horoscope by date of birth

At the same time, interestingly, it almost never makes mistakes. Perhaps because he does not recognize any authorities and always does his own thing, focusing on common sense and logic. But he never forgets to let in the mystical fog. nine0007

Peony November 13-22

A wonderful friend, faithful and honest, ready to give the last and risk herself for the sake of friendship. At the same time, she has a myriad of friends, and she sincerely loves everyone. This is the secret of Pion's success in life: as soon as she has problems, the army of her best friends immediately enters the battle, saves Pion from the captivity of fate and returns home with honors. Definitely one of the most interesting specimens of the flower horoscope.

Gladiolus November 23-December 2

Because gladiolus! The flower horoscope associates this flower with the beginning of winter. Hardworking, diligent and persistent. Excellent qualities that Gladiolus cannot use without the sensitive guidance of an older comrade. Not because she's lazy, but because she's scared: whatever happens, huh? And usually something still comes out, because Gladiolus does not know how to learn from his own mistakes and constantly steps on the same rake. Why? Well, because Gladiolus. nine0007

Dandelion December 3-12

The flower horoscope includes a variety of flowers, from the most sophisticated to the simplest. “I love to have fun, especially to eat!” is her motto. Gray everyday life kills Dandelion, so she tries to decorate them with delicious, well, at the same time, non-standard actions and funny jokes. The consequences of which are unpredictable. However, this does not upset Dandelion at all: she sincerely admits that she arranged all this for herself, and deals with the consequences just as cheerfully and joyfully. Easy nature! nine0007

Lotus December 13-22

A noble and sincere young lady with the strictest moral principles - this is the description of the lotus in the horoscope of flowers. It is absolutely impossible to persuade her to mean deeds. Moreover, what the Lotus does not allow itself, the Lotus will not forgive others. And it will be better to be alone than with just anyone. Flawless young lady, perfection itself.

Edelweiss December 23-31

Freedom-loving and generous optimist is a positive herald in the flower horoscope. She cannot stand routine and boredom, the monotonous course of life is killing her. At the same time, frivolity is by no means characteristic of her: she is smart, rational and prone to careful planning. Well, that is, she plans her life in such a way that the routine occupies the smallest and most inconspicuous part. Talent! nine0007

Flowers of winter

Gentian January 1-10

January flower horoscope associates with gentian. Introvert and altruist. That is, Gentian is unusually kind, but still prefers to love people at a distance, so that they do not get into the soul: they will leave behind dirty shoes there and will not say thank you. Therefore, Gentian prefers to live in such a way that thanks for good deeds are sent to her by e-mail, and even better - let them give out likes. Otherwise, she is very embarrassed. nine0007

Thistle January 11-20

An explosive person prone to outbursts of anger, but righteous anger: Thistle is well versed in people and their actions. At the same time, she is very quick-witted and always tries to balance evil with good. Well, she's temperamental, what can you do. A very bright specimen in the flower horoscope.

Immortelle January 21-31,

Immortelle's favorite pastime is to help other people, and absolutely free of charge, that is, for free. Which does not mean at all that the immortal cannot think about himself. The flower horoscope says that, on the contrary, it is Immortelle who is the main fashionista in any company. Which, alas, makes some envious of her, but this does not bother her: Immortelle knows how to truly ignore envious people, and not just pretend that she doesn’t care. nine0007

Mistletoe February 1-10

This is not a flower, but a tree - a rare guest in a flower horoscope. Mistletoe will never be left without the attention of the opposite sex, and that's just fine. Because she needs such attention like air.

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