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How to vine cucumbers


Growing Cucumbers Vertically: Tips for Success

Table of Contents

Growing cucumbers is a rite of passage in a summer vegetable garden. With their refreshing crunch and abundant nutrients, what’s not to love?

Well, as it turns out, growing cucumbers vertically can be a hassle without proper planning. This is particularly due to the unruly vines that dominate precious garden space. Luckily, you can direct the growth in a better direction – up.

Vertical gardening is popular right now, but has actually been around since 3000 BCE. Besides saving space, there are many benefits that have kept it around for so long. Growing cucumbers vertically allows the following:

The helix pattern of a cucumber tendril is fascinating to watch develop. source

Now that you’re convinced of the vertical way, we’ll discuss the details of turning your flattened cucumber plants into healthy, space-saving wonders.

Choosing a Cucumber Trellis

A larger-scale and more robust cucumber trellis, training cukes upwards with ease. source

There are many types of trellises out there. A-frames, grids, and cages are just a few. You can buy one online or make it yourself.

When choosing which trellis to use, consider where you want to put the cucumbers and how many you’ll grow. You’ll also want to think about how easy it will be to harvest from all sides. For example, if you lean a flat trellis against a fence, the cukes might find their way in between the trellis and fence, making them difficult to reach.

You’ll need a trellis that’s strong enough to support the plant. Cucumber plants grow rapidly, so they’ll fill their space quickly. They also need enough room to spread out. Don’t cram the vines together.

It’s recommended that your trellis is 5-6 feet tall. However, keep in mind that you’ll have to reach the top portion while harvesting.

Here are some trellis types to help you decide:

Trellis TypeProsCons
A-FrameProvides a sturdy structure and easy harvesting.May take up a lot of space.
ArchesAesthetically pleasing and easy to harvest from.May not be sturdy if built wrong.
Chicken wire framesEasy for the plants to climb; Inexpensive and easy to make.You’ll have to babysit the cucumbers. Little ones can start growing in the holes and be difficult to remove.
Grid trellisCan be attached to a fence or wall to save space.Cucumbers may grow between the fence and grid.
Tomato cagesCheap and easy. Small. You might need to secure one on top of another to make it tall enough.

An Alternative Option

If you want to try something even more creative than a trellis, you can grow cucumbers upside down! This method will eliminate weeds and ground pests while being easy to water. It also adds a unique look to your garden.

The easiest approach is to use a 5-gallon bucket with a handle. Drill a hole that’s at least 2 inches wide in the bottom. Line the bottom of the bucket with landscape fabric so the soil won’t spill out. Cut a slit in the fabric where it’ll line up with the hole.

Prop the bucket onto two chairs so you have access to the top and bottom. Take your cucumber start out of its container and gently thread the plant through the fabric and bucket hole. The roots should be inside the bucket with the plant hanging out the bottom.

Carefully fill the bucket with fertile soil, being sure not to squish the roots. Fill it one inch from the top.

To hang the plant, install a heavy duty hook into a sturdy support. Triple check that your installation will hold the weight. Water the cucumber plant from the top of the bucket until water drips out of the bottom.

Planting Cucumbers 101A baby cucumber fruit getting its start in a cucumber cage. Source: pecooper98362

Cucumber plants are fast growers that are easy to start from seed. They love their nutrients, so fertile soil, abundant water, and plenty of sunlight are essential. The vines will love climbing up the trellis.

When to Plant

Cucumbers can be planted in the spring as soon as the last frost has passed. If you want an early start, plant the seeds indoors a few weeks before the ground thaws. Have your trellis ready beforehand so you know how many plants you need.

Cucumbers need extremely fertile soil from the start. Prep the designated spot with store fertilizer, manure, or compost before planting.

Where to Plant

Choose the location based on the size of your trellis. You’ll need a spot where you can easily harvest from all sides of the trellis. Cucumbers need lots of sunlight, so choose the sunniest location you have.

If planting in the ground isn’t your thing, vine cucumbers can grow in containers too. Use a fairly large container to support your trellis and the plant’s long roots. If you don’t have a container large enough, a bush cucumber, without a trellis, might be a better choice due to its shorter roots.

The soil will dry out faster in containers, so you’ll need to water it more often. Also, as with any potted plant, don’t forget the drainage holes!

If you’ve never grown cucumbers in containers before, we have a whole video on that topic to help you decide if that’s what’s best for you!

How to Plant

When planting cucumbers straight in the ground, plant a few seeds every foot along the bottom of the trellis. Plant the seeds 1” deep. When the seedlings start to grow, thin out the weaker plants from each bunch, leaving one to climb the trellis.

When starting indoors, put one seed in each section of a seedling tray. Make sure the soil is warm enough, at least 70 degrees Fahrenheit, by using a heat mat. The germination time for cucumber seeds is 7-14 days, and the plants grow fast so don’t get them started too early. When the time comes, young cukes transplant well.

Cucumber Care 101

Cucumber plants aren’t too picky, as long as you keep up with the watering and harvesting. Growing them vertically requires some maintenance, but they usually know what to do.

Sun

When it comes to cucumber plants, the more sun, the better. They need around 8 hours of full sun each day. If your cukes just aren’t getting enough light, consider moving them to a better spot. Keep in mind that cucumbers transplant best when they’re small.

Temperature

Cucumbers thrive in temperatures from 60-90 degrees Fahrenheit. If you think the ground is too cold for the plants even after the frost is gone, try using sheets of black plastic as mulch. The dark color will absorb the heat and keep your cucumbers warm.

How Often to Water Cucumbers

Because cucumbers are so succulent, they need lots of water. 1” a week is a good rule of thumb. However, the soil should not dry out in between waterings nor should it be waterlogged.

Avoid getting the leaves and fruit wet while watering. Too much moisture on the plant can lead to rot and disease.

Soil for Cucumbers

Cucumbers grow best in loam-type soil. They can also grow in sandy soil, as long as it has plenty of nutrients. Clay isn’t ideal because there isn’t enough water drainage.

Mulch is great for helping the soil retain moisture. It keeps the water in and the weeds out. You can start mulching once the plant has grown a few inches. Use anything from newspapers to bark chips to whatever else you find.

Fertilizing Cucumbers

Cucumbers rely on fertile soil for their crop yield. Before planting, mix fertilizer, manure, or compost into the soil. Cucumber plants need an even amount of these nutrients:

It’s recommended to add more fertilizer in early summer and fall. For this extra boost, sprinkle it on top of the soil around the plants. Slow release fertilizers or fertilizer tea work well here.

Training Cucumbers VerticallyYou’ll be surprised how quickly cucumbers climb and attach to a trellis. source

Cucumber vines will climb naturally, but you may need to help them out. Some might stay on the ground and venture over to neighboring plants. In this case, gently wrap the vines around the trellis. If they won’t cooperate, loosely tie the vines to the trellis until the tendrils start to hang on. 

For tying, you can use:

Place the tie under a joint where the leaf protrudes from the stem. This gives it more support without harming the plant. Keep in mind that the stem may grow wider and can “choke” on the tie.

If your cucumbers are too heavy for the vine, put them in fabric slings tied to the trellis. Just ensure there’s plenty of room for them to keep growing. Also, keep in mind that cucumbers in slings may not grow straight.

Pruning Vertical Cucumbers

Pruning may be necessary if your cuke plants start to get rowdy. Prune from the bottom of the plant at 5-7 joints from the ground. This will allow the plant to fill out on the trellis.

Always prune the secondary vines, not the main ones. You’ll want to cut close to the main vine, being careful not to damage it.

Use bypass pruners if possible. Anvil pruners can crush the stem. 

You may choose to prune fruit on this lower portion so more energy can be directed to vine growth. Lateral runners can also be removed from the bottom of the plant.

Propagating Cucumbers

As you know now, cucumbers can be grown from seeds. But, you can also propagate them from stem cuttings. Take your cutting from a strong and healthy plant. If possible, clip the plants in the morning, since they’ll be the most hydrated then. The whole cutting should be 3-5 inches long.

Take your cutting from the end of the vine, just below the second leaf joint. Be sure to make a clean, straight cut. Carefully take off the bottom leaves so that you only have one set on the clipping. The newly bare leaf joints will help the cutting grow roots.

Once your cutting is ready, dip it in rooting hormone and then stick it in fertile soil. The bottom leaf nodes should be covered by ½” of soil. Water the cutting every day with a misting bottle. Your cutting will grow into an official cucumber plant in about three weeks.

FAQs

Q. Do cucumbers need a trellis?

A. No, they don’t. However, growing vine varieties on a trellis has numerous benefits for you and your cucumbers. If you’ve decided trellises aren’t for you, we suggest a bush variety. These cukes grow well on the ground.

Q. What’s the easiest cucumber to grow?

A. Almost all cucumbers are fairly easy to grow. For beginners, we suggest the Marketmore variety, which is the kind usually sold in grocery stores. The Marketmore is a standard slicing cuke that’s resistant to common plant diseases. 

If you’re after pickles, try growing Wautoma cucumbers. These provide lots of fruit and are extremely disease resistant.

Q. Can I plant cucumbers and tomatoes next to each other?

A. Yes, cucumbers grow well with tomatoes. In fact, cukes are pretty friendly with most plants. The only companion plants cautioned against are herbs, potatoes, and melons. Some other common companions for cucumbers are sunflowers, corn, broccoli, cabbage, and peas.

Q. Why are my cucumber plants dying?

A. To figure this out, check your plant for symptoms. If the leaves are wilted and the soil is dry, they probably need more water. If the leaves are yellowing, limp, and/or falling off, you’ve likely overwatered.

If you find any kind of damage, unusual coloring, or weird texture on your plants, a pest or disease might be responsible.

Q. Why are my cucumbers bitter?

A. This is usually caused by a stressed-out plant. Fluctuations in water supply or temperature is usually the culprit here. However, some varieties are naturally bitter. To avoid these, do your research before choosing what to plant.

Growing Cucumbers On A Trellis Vertically

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Growing cucumbers on a trellis is easy, looks awesome, and has tons of great benefits. In this article, I’ll show you how to grow cucumbers vertically, give you techniques for training the vines, and tips for choosing the right type of support for them.

I don’t know about you, but I am absolutely hooked on vertical gardening! I grow as many of my vegetables vertically as I can, and cucumbers are no exception.

Several years ago, I decided to experiment with trellising cucumbers instead of letting them take over my garden. It was such an awesome experience that I’ve never looked back.

There are so many great benefits, and it’s very easy to train the vines. Below I’ll show you everything you need to know about trellising cucumbers vertically so you can have healthy, highly productive plants, and beautiful crops.

Here’s what you’ll find in this guide…

 

Table of Contents

Do Cucumbers Need A Trellis?

Do cucumbers really need a trellis to climb on? Well, technically the answer is no. But, let me tell you a little story…

When I first started gardening, I always let mine just sprawl along the ground. Since I was a newbie gardener, I didn’t know there was any other option.

The problem with this method is that, once the vines start to get really long, they take up a lot of space. And, when left to sprawl naturally, they can quickly take over the garden!

I’d always plant them in a long row, and then train the vines to twine into each other. I tried my best to keep them within their row.

This worked pretty well, for a time. But by the end of the summer, I could barely reach some of the fruits, or walk on that side of the garden because the row became so wide.

Plus it was very difficult to find my crop because they were hidden under all that foliage. It became extremely frustrating for me.

Then one year I decided to try growing cucumbers on a trellis like I have always done with my beans. And let me tell you, that was the best gardening decision I ever made!

So, should you trellis your cucumbers vertically? Well, if I haven’t convinced you yet then keep reading…

Growing cucumbers up a trellis

How Do Cucumbers Climb Vertically?

By now you might be wondering “how do cucumbers climb?”. I mean, do they grow on vines or what? Well, kinda…

The climbing types actually have vining tendrils, which are basically side shoots that come out of the main stem. These tendrils will reach out and grab onto anything they touch.

Growing Cucumbers On A Trellis

If you’ve never tried growing cucumbers on a trellis, you’re missing out. Not only does it save tons of space, there are lots of wonderful benefits too.

But before I go on and on about how awesome it is, let’s talk about the different varieties. Because not all types of cucumbers are climbers.

Using a tall trellis to grow cucumbers vertically

Best Climbing Cucumber Varieties

At a very high level, there are two kinds of cucumber plants: bush and vining. The vining varieties are climbing plants, and the bush types are not.

So, if you want to try growing cucumbers on a trellis, you need to make sure you buy the climbers, and not the bush types.

How can you tell the difference? The seed packet or plant tag should tell you what kind it is. A few of my favorite vining ones are Homemade Pickles, Sumter, Lemon and Marketmore.

Related Post: How To Grow Cucumbers From Seeds & When To Plant

Growing cucumbers vertically in the garden

Benefits Of Growing Cucumbers Vertically

Ok, now that we know the best types of climbing cucumbers, I can tell you about all of the awesomeness that comes with trellising them vertically.

Not only does it look cool, but there are lots of benefits too…

Straight, clean, and beautiful cucumber grown vertically

What Type Of Trellis Is Best For Cucumbers?

You can use any type of support to grow cucumbers vertically. But there are a few things to keep in mind when you’re choosing the perfect one.

Vining cucumbers climbing a simple support

Cucumber Trellis Ideas

Like I said above, there are tons of options to choose from, so get creative with it. You can use any kind of vertical support, but it’s always fun to find new ideas. Here are a few of my favorite types.

Get my full list here: 13 DIY Cucumber Trellis Ideas For Small Or Large Spaces

Climbing cucumbers growing on a small garden arch

Using Chicken Wire For Trellising Cucumbers

If you use chicken wire for trellising cucumbers, or a similar type of material that has small holes, you’ll need to keep an eye on it.

Baby cucumbers can easily poke through the holes in the fencing, and become wedged or stuck in it when they get larger.

So, check on them every few days. If any of them start poking through the fencing, be sure to move them out before they get stuck.

Don’t worry. If you do find one wedged in, you can still pick it. Take a sharp knife and cut the cucumber open to remove it from the fencing. No biggy, you’ll just have to eat that one right away.

Using garden fencing to trellis cucumbers

Caring For Cucumbers On A Trellis

Once they start getting taller, you might find that your cucumber plants are not climbing the trellis on their own. If that’s the case, you’ll need to do a little work to get them to cooperate.

Related Post: Why Do Cucumbers Turn Yellow & How To Prevent It

How To Trellis Cucumbers

Vining cucumbers will attach to a trellis, but they aren’t always great climbers on their own. Sometimes they need your help to find the vertical structure.

Gravity is working against us, and the vines tend to prefer to sprawl along the ground. Other times, they can start climbing on nearby plants instead of their dedicated support.

So, you’ll need to check on them regularly, and train the unruly vines when they start going rogue.

The good news is that you don’t worry about giving the fruits any extra support. Cucumbers growing on a trellis won’t get too heavy and rip off the vine. The vines are plenty strong enough to support the full weight of the mature fruit.

Cucumbers dangling down from the vertical support

How To Train Cucumbers Up A Trellis

Don’t worry, training cucumbers to grow on a trellis isn’t hard. Simply straighten the vines and attach them to their support.

They don’t always need to be tied up though. Many times you can gently wrap or weave the stems into the trellis, and the tendrils will eventually grab it on their own.

But, you can help them out by tying the vines onto the structure using twine, choose-a-size metal twist ties, plastic flexible ties, or plant clips.

Just be sure to tie them on very loosely. Otherwise they can strangle the stems as they get thicker. Learn more about training vines here.

FAQs

In this section I will answer some of the most frequently asked questions about growing cucumbers vertically. If you can’t find yours here, then ask it in the comments below.

How tall should a cucumber trellis be?

Your cucumber trellis height should be tall enough so the vines have plenty of space to spread out, and proportionate to the size of the variety you have. In general, I recommend something between 4-6′ tall.

Is it better to grow cucumbers on a trellis or on the ground?

Whether it’s better to grow cucumbers on a trellis or on the ground is really personal preference. But with all of the benefits that come with training them vertically, I think trellising them is definitely better.

How much space do you need to grow cucumbers vertically?

You don’t need as much space to grow cucumbers vertically as you otherwise would. They only need as much space as your trellis takes up, as long as you keep them trained, so it depends on the footprint of the support.

Do cucumbers need to climb to grow?

No, cucumbers do not need to climb in order to grow. However, trellising them will help keep them healthier and producing beautiful fruits.

How close can you plant cucumbers vertically?

You can plant cucumbers fairly close together when growing them vertically. I recommend spacing them at least 4″ apart along the base of the trellis.

How do you get cucumbers to climb a trellis?

In order to get cucumbers to climb a trellis, you need to train them on a regular basis. Check on them every few days and weave or tie the vines onto the support as they get longer.

Growing cucumbers on a trellis is easy, and there are lots of great benefits. Not only will trellising cucumbers save a ton of space in your garden, your plants will be healthier, prettier, and harvesting will be a snap too!

Do you want to learn even more about growing vegetables vertically? Then you need my book Vertical Vegetables! It has all the information you need to be successful, plus two dozen step-by-step projects that you can build for your garden. Order your copy today!

Learn more about my new Vertical Vegetables book here.

More Posts About Vertical Gardening

Share your tips for growing cucumbers on a trellis in the comments section below!

Materials

Tools

Instructions

    1. Choose a location - Find a sunny spot in your garden that has well-draining soil.
    2. Prepare the soil - Amend the soil with compost and slow release fertilizer, and remove any weeds.
    3. Install the trellis - It's best to install the support before planting to avoid damaging the delicate starts.
    4. Plant your cucumbers - Plant either seeds or starts along the base of the trellis, spacing them 4-5" apart.
    5. Train them vertically - As your cucumbers get taller, train the vines to grow vertically. You may need to secure them to the trellis using twist ties, flexible ties, or plant clips.

Notes

Propagation of cucumbers by cuttings - Tomatomania

We are accustomed to the fact that cucumbers are propagated by seeds and the whole difference in their cultivation lies only in the method used (seedling or seedless) and how exactly the seeds are prepared for sowing. Nevertheless, if you grow cucumbers from cuttings and / or layering, then you can simultaneously increase the number of plants and accelerate the appearance of the crop.

The most suitable varieties for this method are those that are most often grown in greenhouses and residential apartments: Aprelsky, Pomegranate, Gribovsky, Din 30-CH, Domashny, Zarya, Table, Zozulya, Willow, Kukarana, Manul, Marfinsky, Moskovsky greenhouse, NK-mini, Regatta, Russian, Rykovsky, Spot-resisting, Surprise 66, Photon, Relay and some others. nine0003

At first, the seeds of these varieties, as in the usual seedling method, are sown in a seedling box in such a way that the first fruits appear in May.

This box is kept in rooms or in a heated greenhouse. For some time, the plants should be allowed to bear fruit quietly, however, at the end of June, the tops of the lashes, including the main one, should be pinched - it is from them that the cuttings will be cut later. After pinching, they begin to branch evenly. Leaves from the main lash must be removed, especially if layering will be done, and not just cuttings. nine0003

When the branches are sufficiently extended (at least 2 cm) and covered with buds and leaves, cuttings are cut from them or layering is made (in the second case, rooting is more reliable, but slower, which means that the new plants themselves will come out a little less). About 15 cuttings can be obtained from each lash, each of which should have one branch 2–5 cm long. with soil), so that branches of the required length remain on its parts, and sprinkle with humus on top with a layer of 1.5-2.0 cm. You can only sprinkle the stalk of the lash, while the branch should remain on the surface. After a few days, roots appear at the place where the layer is attached to the soil, and after another 15–17 days, the lash can be divided into parts. nine0003

If the cuttings are cut, then after separation they should be placed in jars with well-settled water. It is important to ensure that the water in which the cuttings will be kept does not get algae, such as those that often accumulate on the glass of aquariums. In this case, the seedlings will develop very slowly or die altogether. To minimize the likelihood of such situations, it is recommended that the jars be preliminarily held in boiling water or disinfected.

After 2–8 days (depending on conditions and variety), roots appear on the seedlings. They can form on any part of the cutting that is in the water, but grow especially intensively in the place of thickening from which the leaf was removed. On average, after 7-12 days, a fairly branched root system is formed, and the cuttings can be transplanted into cups with humus or into the ground. nine0003

In the first 3–5 days after transplantation, cuttings need abundant watering, and cuttings need not only watering, but also a decrease in temperature to 18–20 ° C within 3–4 days. Further care for daughter plants does not differ from that for ordinary greenhouse (indoor) cucumbers.

Cucumbers obtained in this way can be harvested already 30 days after they are planted in the ground in a permanent place.

In a similar way (namely, layering), you can also increase the amount of planting material for pumpkins and even watermelons with melons. True, the use of this method does not give much gain in time, although, in general, plants obtained in this way develop faster than those grown from seeds. Layers of pumpkin, watermelon and melon, as a rule, do not share. nine0003

Rooting is carried out as follows: under the lying lash of a seedling or a young (including not yet bearing) plant, a large cup with soil is substituted and fixed (possibly by digging into the ground), the lash is attached to its soil with a hairpin

and sprinkled with a layer land, abundantly watered. Rooting usually occurs in 5-10 days. After that, the daughter plant is separated from the parent plant, kept in a glass (pot) for some time for better rooting, and planted in a permanent place along with the parent plant. Watering and feeding a young plant should be done more often. nine0003

Text source

Good harvest and delicious cucumbers!

Read on the topic:

how to root cuttings, caring for seedlings

Self-propagation of cucumbers by stepchildren reduces the likelihood of crop loss. Botanists came to a conclusion. From one cucumber bush, 3 to 5 new plants are obtained. Seedlings require minimal maintenance. An obvious “plus” is that new plants inherit the characteristics of the mother bush. The procedure does not require significant experience. It is enough to observe agrotechnical rules. We are talking about techniques on how to root cuttings, how to water and feed new plants. nine0003

Contents

900 cucumbers In the lower part of the plant, up to 2 stepchildren are left, from which 2 full-fledged stems will then form. If the length of the stem is less than 6-8 cm, then pinching is postponed. The phased propagation of planted cucumbers favorably affects the rate of fruit formation. The fewer stepchildren, the higher the yield. nine0003

Grooving in the ground

(cutting method)

Stepping in a greenhouse

(cucumber propagation method by layering)

The procedure is needed to increase the volume of the future crop

The method is used for self-pollinated varieties, for varieties that require the presence of pollinating insects

nine0002 Remove all stepchildren, starting from the sixth leaf, if this is not done, then the bush will be undersized, and its fruits will be soft

Due to the fact that the area of ​​growth is limited, pinching is carried out without fail

As soon as the upper part of the bush reaches 15-20 cm, it is pinched to ensure the growth of lateral shoots with female flowers

Do not allow stepchildren to grow, otherwise all nutrients go to the formation of unproductive green mass

Extra branches are removed, nutrients are directed to the development of the main stem

Immediately after planting, the cucumber stalk is tied up to ensure constant growth straight up

Novice botanists can make things easier by starting with a conditional division of the whip into 4 parts

As soon as 5-6 leaves appear, remove the side stem

On the first part, the lower stepchildren are removed, and on the second part, the side shoots are pinched

Lateral ovaries and branches shortened to 4 knots

Leave no more than 2 leaves and 1-2 ovaries on the third part, and 3 ovaries and 1 leaf on the fourth part

Pinch 4 sheets over each knot

Regardless of the method chosen, stepchildren must be promptly removed. Otherwise, they outgrow or coarsen. All operations are carried out with a clean instrument that is disinfected. nine0003

Methods of rooting

Independently decide how to root stepchildren of cucumbers in stages, after analyzing several factors. The first is the selected variety. If these are early ripe cucumbers, then only the cutting method is used. In this case, the fruits will be juicy. They withstand short cold and lack of moisture. For mid-season and late-ripening varieties, only the method of propagation by branches is used.

The second factor - take into account the climatic features of the region. For example, in settlements with an unstable climate, rooting is carried out only in a greenhouse. Initially planted in pots placed indoors. As soon as 2-3 permanent leaves appear, the seedlings are moved to the greenhouse. nine0003

Carrying out a transplant

Accuracy and thoughtfulness of each action is the key to success. It is enough to slightly damage the rhizome during pinching to destroy the future bush. The first step is to take small containers with soil. The soil is bought ready to reduce the likelihood of infection. The second step is to prepare containers for planting. Suitable for medium sized pots. The new bush is deepened by 4-5 cm. The third step is watering. Cucumbers love rationed water application.

Start preparing the bed 1 week before the expected time of planting in a permanent place. Traces of last year's harvest are removed, the soil is dug up and loosened. 5 days before transplanting, complex fertilizer is applied. It takes 2.5-3 kg of top dressing per 1 m². The distance between the holes and their depth - in order for the seedlings of the resulting cucumbers from the stepchildren to feel comfortable, they are placed in the holes. The depth of each is from 10 to 15 cm. The distance between them is 20 cm. No more than two branches are placed in each hole. nine0003

Compliance with the rules of care

Basic agrotechnical recommendations allow you to harvest a good crop of crunchy vegetables. The first rule is that high-quality material is used for planting or pinching. If during the past 2-3 seasons there were signs of seedling disease, then it is not used. The second rule is that not all stepchildren take root. Much depends on how well the roots develop. Other agrotechnical recommendations: