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A hardy perennial, asparagus tends to grow well in most areas. Plant in a permanent location since beds can be productive for 15–20 years. Needs loose, compost–rich soil. Plant crowns 18" apart in a trench 12–15” deep. As shoots emerge, cover with 2" of soil, continuing as the plants grow, until soil reaches the top of the trench. Trenches should be 4’ apart. Plant in spring or fall/winter in mild climates.

Harvest a few shoots the 1st year, allowing most spears to set ferns and direct energy back into becoming stronger plants. In the 2nd year, begin regular harvesting of the spears. Sold in bundles of bare-root crown divisions.

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Properties and care of white and green asparagus

Contents:

• Difference between white and green asparagus
• Planting asparagus
• Asparagus care
• Useful properties of asparagus: use and contraindications
• Benefits and harms during pregnancy
• Asparagus and nutrition
• Side effects of asparagus

Asparagus or Asparagus (Asparagus) - a culture that began to be grown in ancient Rome, and the Achaeans ate this vegetable long before cultivation. A representative of the Asparagus family is now grown throughout Europe, Asia and Africa. White and green asparagus are two species that differ from each other in appearance, composition, and method of cultivation. In general, this genus unites more than 200 species that grow mostly in areas with a dry climate. nine0003

Under the French king Louis XIV, asparagus became a delicacy. In the 17th century, asparagus dishes gained popularity, the culture began to be grown in Northern Europe, in America, its cultivation began only in the 19th century. In Ukraine, asparagus is only gaining popularity; they began to cultivate it no more than 10 years ago.

The difference between white and green asparagus

Both perennials have strong rhizomes and branched shoots. White asparagus is very popular in Germany, it is grown underground so that chlorophyll is not produced in it, the lack of photosynthesis makes it white. At the same time, the shoots of the plant, together with the outlet, are covered with soil. Given all this, the process of growing white asparagus is more complex with increased growing costs, which is why white asparagus is more expensive than green asparagus. It is noteworthy that white asparagus shoots are more nutritious, contain more sugars and have a milder taste. nine0003

Green asparagus is easier to grow. It is actively cultivated on an industrial scale in the fields of Great Britain. It contains a high content of B vitamins, a lot of vitamin A, C, K, and the product is also rich in potassium, selenium, magnesium. Harvesting falls at the end of spring. In one season, an adult bush can produce about a dozen stems. This number of shoots is enough for two servings of garnish.

Planting asparagus

The location should be sunny, choose open, spacious areas with sandy loamy nutrient soil. nine0003

White and green asparagus will grow differently. The first one grows covered with soil, for it there should be special high beds that are covered with a black film. The crop is harvested by digging out the fruits, carefully cutting and returning the soil to its place for further development and growth of the crop.

If the shoots go higher, to the aerial part, they will turn green. A shoot size of 25 cm is considered acceptable for harvesting. The culture ripens early, harvesting begins in mid-April and lasts until June. nine0003

Growing asparagus from seeds

Sowing seeds for seedlings begins in early April, by the end of May the shoots are transferred to open soil, that is, the germination period is quite long.

• Be sure to soak the seeds in warm water for about four days before sowing.
• Change the water twice a day.
• Spread the swollen seeds on a damp cloth, they will soon sprout.
• Plant them afterwards in a pot with substrate. It can be a mixture of garden soil, sand, rotted manure and peat. nine0006
• The distance between the seeds should be about 6 cm. It is practically not necessary to deepen, just press the seed lightly into the ground.
• Place the container with seeds in a warm, sunny place and water every day.
• The first shoots can be seen in 1-2 weeks. After that, they are covered with thin peat, and after another two weeks, a complex mineral fertilizer of low concentration is added.
• On the site, it is possible to feed the culture only after a week. From organics, slurry or bird droppings are suitable. Mineral fertilizers are suitable before frost, in the fall. nine0006
• Water the seedlings as often as possible for the first 10 days, every day if the ground is too dry. Do not let the soil dry out.

Three years after planting, it is necessary to observe increased care for the crop, add mineral fertilizers regularly, it is desirable to control deficiencies through laboratory soil tests. The site needs to be loosened, weeded, it is imperative to remove weeds that can harm their root system and be a source of disease. In the early years, you should not expect a high yield, the plant needs to adapt well. It is believed that a full-fledged asparagus crop can be harvested only in the fourth year. nine0003

Propagation by cuttings

There is a second method of propagation, but it is possible only from March to June. It consists in separating cuttings from old asparagus bushes. In autumn, it is not recommended to propagate by cuttings, because in winter the cuttings taken from old plants will die.

Cut asparagus from last year's asparagus. To form roots, they are first planted in damp sand, covered with a cap (half of a regular PET bottle will do).

After planting, the cuttings need frequent spraying. The cap must be removed for 6 hours a day. After four to six weeks, the cuttings will take root, after which they can be transplanted into large pots.

Caring for asparagus

Asparagus is an unpretentious crop, like many herbaceous perennials. But like other garden plants, it needs timely watering, weed removal, loosening, top dressing. Loosening is carried out to a depth of 70 mm. This must be done carefully so as not to damage the roots of the asparagus. In the first couple of years, rows of asparagus are advised to be separated by rows of other green crops. nine0003

Harvesting

Your asparagus can be harvested for the first time already in the third year (the root system develops in the first two). Shoots should be cut in May, before the heads open. If the spring was early, the collection can begin in April.

Rake some soil where there are depressions in the bed and cut off the asparagus shoots so that 2 cm stumps remain on the plant. Harvest every day in the morning or evening. In the first year of life, more than 5 shoots should not be taken from the plant, so as not to weaken it excessively. In the future, when the asparagus is stronger, it is allowed to collect up to 30 stalks from each bush during the season. nine0003

Cut asparagus should be wrapped in a damp cloth and will keep in the refrigerator for one to four months. Please note that the plant absorbs odors well, so think about the neighborhood, while it is important to store the shoots vertically.

Calorie content and chemical composition of asparagus

The average calorie content of this crop is 20 kcal per hundred grams of mass. Asparagus is considered a dietary product suitable for fasting days. It contains vitamins A, groups B, C, E, H and a lot of useful minerals: sodium, iron, potassium, phosphorus, magnesium, calcium and even folic acid. nine0003

The fiber of this plant is useful for improving gastrointestinal motility. Asparagus contains a special substance, asparagine, which reduces blood pressure by dilating blood vessels and is generally good for the heart. Asparagus is considered a natural diuretic.

Use of asparagus in traditional medicine

All parts of asparagus are used in traditional medicine, but harvested in different months. The berries are harvested after ripening, the stems during flowering, and the roots in March or November.

Traditional medicine uses asparagus roots for mild hypertension. In addition, they reduce inflammation of the urinary tract. Even to relieve pain in the teeth, it is recommended to simply chew a fresh rhizome.

Asparagus roots are mainly used in infusions and decoctions. The infusion is made simply: in a glass of water 1 tbsp. dried root. To make a decoction, a tablespoon of dried rhizome should be poured with 1-2 glasses of water, boiled and left on low heat for a couple of minutes.

Stem decoction requires 2 tbsp. l. dry asparagus in 0.5 liters of water. It only takes 5 minutes to boil. A similar decoction should be drunk half a cup, 3 times a day. nine0003

In folk medicine, there is a tradition of using infusions from various parts of asparagus for certain diseases. An infusion of rhizomes is useful for:

• cystitis;
• tachycardia;
• epilepsy;
• kidney stones;
• diseases of the gastrointestinal tract;
• heart diseases (treated with an infusion of stems).

A decoction of the roots is used for skin diseases, neurosis, adenoma, diabetes. Finally, a decoction of asparagus berries is used to treat diarrhea and dysentery. nine0003

As used in dermatology and cosmetology

A homemade decoction of young shoots and roots of asparagus relieves inflammation on the skin, removes acne and helps to cure eczema.

Cosmetic preparations based on rhizomes and stems are used to treat:

• various types of dermatitis (allergic and atopic),
• Purulent lesions of the skin by cocci,
• psoriasis,
• eczema,
• lichen
nine0047 even vitiligo.

Folic acid in asparagus has a rejuvenating effect on the skin and prevents fine lines. The skin itself after the use of products based on asparagus becomes healthy and velvety.

Useful properties of asparagus: use and contraindications

Asparagus is one of the most useful and expensive vegetables. At the same time, the taste of the culture is quite high, shoots are considered a dietary product, especially green asparagus, which has fewer calories. Regular use of this product improves nervous activity due to a balanced vitamin composition. Asparagus has a positive effect on the cardiovascular system. It contains a lot of antioxidants that have a beneficial effect on the skin and prevent aging. nine0003

Asparagus is useful for metabolic disorders, for deviations in the hormonal background. It is advised to eat asparagus for pregnant women. The undoubted benefit will be for those who want to lose weight.

There are a number of contraindications, because asparagus components can irritate mucous membranes. With prolonged inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract, asparagus should not be included in the diet.

Benefits and harms during pregnancy

There are many reasons to include asparagus in the diet of pregnant women. In women, stool normalizes due to the abundance of fiber. The substance asparagine enhances blood circulation in the placenta, the element tocopherol is involved in the healthy development of the fetus. Specific anemia of pregnant women is due to the content of iron and chlorophyll in asparagus. nine0003

Excessive consumption of asparagus can cause flatulence and problems with the urinary system.

Please note that pregnant women are sometimes prescribed medication to thin the blood. It is dangerous to include asparagus with a high content of potassium in the diet during this period.

Asparagus and Nutrition

The low calorie content of asparagus eliminates the feeling of hunger due to the presence of insoluble fiber in the plant. Once in the intestines, it swells, creating the illusion of satiety in those who are on a diet or are overweight. Asparagus also accelerates peristalsis in the digestive tract, eliminates constipation. nine0003

Purple asparagus is recommended for the elderly. Anthocyanins in it act on free radicals that age the body.

Side effects of asparagus

Green stems are high in fiber. The intestines of the child can hardly cope with it, therefore, up to 2 years, asparagus is not given to children. Later, it is necessary to include in the diet not raw, but first boiled asparagus. Occasionally, children may develop hives from asparagus elements - then it should be completely excluded from the diet. nine0003

Asparagus has been reported to be highly allergenic. It should not be used by those who suffer from bronchial asthma. Asparagus is also not recommended for high acidity, heartburn is possible from it.

Read also Uncommon vegetable crops.

Published: 21.01.2022

Tags: white asparagus green asparagus asparagus Edible perennials from Holland

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Asparagus - Green crops - Vegetable crops

Two hundred years before our era, asparagus was already consumed in Ancient Rome, and not just consumed, but knew by heart the rather complex technology of its cultivation. She, by the way, until now has not undergone significant changes. In those distant times, when they thought that the Sun revolves around the Earth, the Romans were able to grow sprouts weighing more than 150 g, which were soft and tasty, even now it is quite difficult to achieve this. nine0003

In ancient Rome, there was some special attitude to asparagus, it was considered a mythical plant that could protect against evil spirits, troubles and diseases. Every self-respecting Roman wore it around his neck on a string, like an ornament. Then, years later, they began to forget about asparagus as a cultivated plant - apparently, Rome, which was bursting at the seams, had other worries. Asparagus resurrected thanks to the Moors, who lived at that time on the southern outskirts of Spain. Then, along the trade routes, asparagus as a tasty vegetable was brought to France and Holland, well, and from there it spread to all European countries. nine0003

In our country, asparagus appeared only in the middle of the 18th century, it was originally cultivated in the simplest way, which made it possible to obtain green shoots, coarser and much cheaper than bleached shoots, the production technology of which was mastered later.

There was a time when peasants literally survived thanks to asparagus, but enterprising landlords, mortgaging huge plots, quickly grew rich on expensive, elite goods. nine0003

Now it is almost impossible to see asparagus on the plots, as it is in scanty demand as a vegetable crop. More often, female specimens are grown, giving beautiful fruit-balls and shoots used to decorate bouquets. However, such an attitude towards the most valuable product and a very useful culture is at least blasphemous. In addition to being a unique vegetable that can transform any salad and soup, shake a drink with a chocolate flavor, asparagus is also very healthy. nine0003

Young crops contain vitamins, proteins, macro- and microelements. The special value of asparagus is its high content of iodine - a rare guest in the world of vegetables. Rich in asparagus and nicotinic acid, asparagine and arginine, as well as steroidal saponins, all this together allows you to use it as a natural sponge that cleanses the kidneys and liver of toxins and toxins.

About useful properties - in article Asparagus officinalis, or Hare's eyes.

This plant is also beneficial in the sense that it can grow in one place for about two decades, giving consistently high yields. It is cold-resistant and quite winter-hardy, without shelter it can withstand up to -32 ^about C, however, all these charms, which allow tipping the scales in the direction of its rapid spread, are balanced by the very complex agricultural technology of its cultivation.

Asparagus cultivation

Sowing seeds . It all starts with the production of seedlings, for this, seeds are sown on the beds, and this is where the first problems begin. Seeds germinate very poorly, literally a few of them germinate and turn into full-fledged seedlings, which can be safely transplanted to a permanent place.

Care . Weeding, watering and fertilizing usually make it possible to get seedlings with 3-4 stems by mid-August. Now the main thing is to have time to cut them off before the first frosts, and hide the roots, so that they do not freeze out in winter, under a layer of leafy earth or humus 5, and preferably 8 centimeters thick. nine0003

Plant selection . It is worth noting that female asparagus plants do not need shelter for the winter, they are much more winter-hardy than male ones, however, it is male plants that form the most delicious and powerful shoots, so only them are most often left in the garden. The most optimal time for the selection of individuals is the second year of their life, it is then that the female forms of asparagus produce berries so adored by many.

So, we have selected male forms, the strongest, devoid of injuries or signs of disease, now we start choosing a place. nine0003

Planting site and soil . The most optimal is an open, well-lit area with soil devoid of weeds, reasonably well-drained, with neutral acidity. In essence, asparagus can grow and produce very good yields on different types of soil, but it is still preferable for it to be light sandy loam substrates that are highly nutritious.

If your site has heavy, clay soils, then you should refuse to grow asparagus, even fertilizing will not help, because such soils often form a very thick crust, through which the shoots may well not break through. nine0003

Fertilizers . The selected area before planting the asparagus is very well and deeply dug up, making a maximum of humus or compost, well flavored with mineral fertilizers. Remember that the root system of asparagus for the most part of its mass is located precisely on the surface, in view of this, make sure that the main food reserves are concentrated in the upper layer.

Fit . It is best to plant asparagus in spring in planting holes or holes 15-20 wide and 20-25 cm deep. At the bottom it is necessary to make mounds, humus or compost is most suitable for their manufacture. The mounds should be small, height 7-9cm will be optimal, so seedlings should be planted on them. In order for it to take root faster, all the roots must be distributed along the mound and be sure to cover it with a small layer of compost. Only after this, the seedlings can be carefully watered so as not to erode the substrate.

Care of in the first year of life of asparagus in a new place consists in periodic accurate loosening, removal of all weeds, as well as watering and applying nitrogen fertilizers. In the fall, inspect the asparagus - if there are diseased and weak specimens, then immediately remove them, and add compost or humus to the remaining free areas. nine0003

In the second season of life, they usually fill up on a plot of nutrient soil, continue to water the plants and remove weeds, combining these processes with loosening the upper layer, and in the fall all dead above-ground parts of asparagus are removed, and the holes are covered with soil, leveling them with the general surface of the plot .

Watering . As for watering, it is, of course, necessary, but it is not worth pouring the bed, it will be enough if you make about 4-5 waterings per season. nine0003

Harvest . Only in the third year can asparagus produce its first harvest. In the spring, active growth of shoots will begin. If outside the window the temperature is at around 20-26 ^about C, and the site is not shaded, then asparagus will develop quickly enough, while in cool periods its growth slows down sharply.

In order to get the youngest, juiciest and most delicious shoots, the entire area is covered with a small mound (10-15 cm layer) of nutrient soil. It is in it that they will germinate, but you can start cutting off the pace as soon as their small tips appear above its surface. nine0003

Shoots are cut as close to the base as possible, trying not to destroy the mound that we created at the time of planting. Often asparagus, in order to be as accurate as possible, is dug up by hands without any tools.

Remember that the first year of fruiting is the most risky for the crop, during this period it is necessary to remove the shoots no later than mid-July, otherwise the plant may weaken and even die.

After cutting the stalk, the embankment must be recreated to its original state, leveled and applied with humus and nitrogen fertilizers in a dose approximately equal to 90-110 g per 1 m ² .

Harvest storage . Harvested asparagus is not stored outdoors for a long time, the shoots dry quickly and coarsen. In order to somehow preserve their taste, you can wrap the crop in raw cloth and place it in the refrigerator, where they can lie for a few more days.

Asparagus Recipes:

• Arugula Salad with Green Asparagus and Strawberries
• Asparagus in mustard dressing with tarragon and lemon
• White asparagus with curry sauce
• Noodles with asparagus and salmon
• Green creamy asparagus soup with watercress
• California Asparagus Soup
• Potato soup with white asparagus and smoked salmon
• Shrimps with asparagus and egg in jelly
• Calamari in creamy sauce with champignons, zucchini and asparagus
• Cream of asparagus soup with lemongrass and ginger
• Colorful salad with asparagus and kohlrabi
nine0019

Cultivation of bleached asparagus

As for the technology of growing bleached asparagus, which is tastier but, alas, contains a minimum of useful substances, it is much more complicated.

The production of bleached asparagus involves constant hilling of shoots, top dressing with ammonium nitrate at a dose of 20-25 g per square meter and more thorough weeding and loosening of the soil.

The ideal height of the ridge, in which the discolored shoots deprived of light will grow, must be at least 30 cm. The surface of the ridge, as well as its side parts, is leveled with any materials at hand (for example, a smooth board). Such a procedure is necessary in order to catch the exact time of cutting the shoots that begin to get out, they will give cracks in the soil - this is a signal for harvesting. nine0003

As needed, the mounds are raked, and the runs are cut off with a sharp knife at the very base, carefully, trying not to damage the neighboring ones. At the end of the harvest, the mounds are recreated again. The most delicious are young shoots with a length of 18-20 cm, which barely appeared above the soil surface, but whose heads have not yet blossomed.

Timing and duration of asparagus harvesting depend on the age of the plants. So, for the 3rd season of running, you can remove 6-7 weeks from the appearance of the first sprout on the soil surface, and for the 4th season and in the future, the period can be increased up to 8 weeks. nine0003

A stable increase in asparagus shoots is felt until about the 6th or 7th year of asparagus existence, after which the yield stops, and from the 10th year of life it begins to gradually decline. In order to prevent a decrease in yield, it is necessary to follow all the rules of agricultural technology described above, and in the fall, immediately after removing the entire aerial part, the mound must also be completely removed to allow the roots to “breathe”.

And one more nuance, in June there is a regrowth (rather active) of leafy shoots, it cannot be prevented, as some advise. We and asparagus need this, because in this way the culture gains nutrients, and they will affect the harvest of the next season - the more of them, the more the harvest will be. nine0003

Do not be afraid to grow asparagus in summer cottages where you can not always get to, this culture is not capricious and can withstand both drought and abundant watering after it. However, in this case, it is not necessary to count on large yields of high-quality shoots in terms of taste. With a lack of moisture, the shoots will be small, short, fibrous, well, if there is critically little moisture, then they will taste rather bitter. The optimal conditions of agricultural technology will allow you to collect more than five kilograms of shoots per square meter. nine0003

Propagation of asparagus

The best option for propagation is the division of the bush, while choosing only small, but rather thick, rhizomes with well-developed daughter roots on them. It is enough to cut them into several parts in the spring, and plant them in moist and nutritious soil.

Asparagi varieties

State Reistr of the Russian Federation counts 10 varieties of this culture: Tsarskoye, Kumulus, Magnus, Valdau, Blim, Gainlim, Guilf Millennium, Guilips, Ksenolym.

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